Background and Aims:Liver disease is usually accompanied with a decline in systemic vascular resistance (SVR). We decided to assess effects of the peri-operative terlipressin infusion on liver donor liver transplantation recipients with respect to haemodynamics and renal parameters.Methods:After Ethical Committee approval for this prospective randomised controlled study, 50 recipients were enrolled and allotted to control (n = 25) or terlipressin group (n = 25) with simple randomisation method. Terlipressin was infused at 1.0 μg/kg/h and later titrated 1.0–4.0 μg/kg/h to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) >65 mmHg and SVR index <2600 dyne.s/cm5/ m2 till day 4. Nor-epinephrine was used as appropriate. Haemodynamic and transoesophageal Doppler parameters (intraoperative), renal function, peak portal vein blood flow velocity (PPV), hepatic artery resistive index (HARI), urine output (UOP), liver enzymes, catecholamine support were compared intra-operatively and 4 days post-operatively. Desflurane administration was guided with entropy.Results:Terlipressin maintained better MAP and SVR (P < 0.01) during reperfusion versus controls (66.5 ± 16.08 vs. 47.7 ± 4.7 mmHg and 687.7 ± 189.7 vs. 425.0 ± 26.0 dyn.s/cm5), respectively. Nor epinephrine was used in 5 out of 25 versus 20 in controls. Urea, creatinine and UOP were significantly better with terlipressin. PPV was reduced with terlipressin post-reperfusion versus controls (44.8 ± 5.2 vs. 53.8 ± 3.9 ml/s, respectively, P < 0.01) without affecting HARI (0.63 ± 0.06 vs. 0.64 ± 0.05, respectively, P > 0.05) and was sustained post-operatively.Conclusion:Terlipressin improved SVR and MAP with less need for catecholamines particularly post-reperfusion. Terlipressin reduced PPV without hepatic artery vasoconstriction and improved post-operative UOP.

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Understanding geological and hydrogeological characteristics in coastal areas is an issue of paramount importance considering its socio-economic relevance, whereas, to date, limited information has been acquired due to the lack of suitable survey methods. We have conducted an airborne electromagnetic survey in an alluvial coastal plain, Kujukuri, in southeast Japan, to examine the effectiveness of elucidating the subsurface electricresistivity structure both on land and offshore. Our approach was to use a grounded electrical dipole source and a helicopter-towed magnetic field receiver. Repeated surveys both at high and low tides revealed that a reliable resistivity structure is available to a depth of 300-350 m in coastal areas where shallow (∼5 m deep) water prevails.

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Ontake Volcano is located in central Japan, 200 km northwest of Tokyo and erupted on September 27, 2014. To study the structure of Ontake Volcano and discuss the process of its phreatic eruption, which can help in future eruptions mitigation, airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys using the grounded electrical-source airborne transient electromagnetic (GREATEM) system were conducted over Ontake Volcano. Field measurements and data analysis were done by OYO Company under the Sabo project managed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Processed data and 1D resistivity models were provided by this project. We performed numerical forward modeling to generate a three-dimensional (3D) resistivity structure model that fits the GREATEM data where a composite of 1D resistivity models was used as the starting model. A 3D electromagnetic forward-modeling scheme based on a staggered-grid finite-difference method was modified and used to calculate the response of the 3D resistivity model along each survey line. We verified the model by examining the fit of magnetic-transient responses between the field data and 3D forward-model computed data. The preferred 3D resistivity models show that a moderately resistive structure (30-200 Ω m) is characteristic of most of the volcano, and were able to delineate a hydrothermal zone within the volcanic edifice. This hydrothermal zone may be caused by a previous large sector collapse.