The presence of a non-return valve in an infusion set-up is expected to affect the time-of-arrival of new medication in a patient after syringe exchange. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) we have studied the flow through a typical non-return valve, focusing on two separate effects: (A) the overall delay in the time-of-arrival, and (B) timing effects due to the distortion of the Poiseuille flow profile in the non-return valve. The results show that (A) the additional delay in time-of-arrival of new medication, caused by the non-return valve alone, corresponds to the delay that would be caused by 11.2 cm of extra infusion line instead of the valve, and that (B) the non-Poiseuille flow profile inside the non-return valve gives rise to an extra slow wash-out of the last portion of the remnant fluid of the old medication. We conclude that awareness of these extra delays may be important for clinicians in certain time-critical situations.
Gold nanoparticles, with a size ranging from 1 to 50 nm, were synthesized in a microchannel reactor using a photochemical continuous two-phase flow method. Gold reduction was executed with a photoinitiator (Irgacure 2959) and by exposure to ultraviolet light. A numerical simulation, during which we used the Volume of Fluid method VOF in the software Ansys Fluent, was conducted as a preliminary study of the hydrodynamic behavior of the two phase flow (water-oxygen).
Abstract. The main objective of this work is to study experimentally and numerically a falling film in a micro-channel. The experimental section involves in creating a temperature gradient within the liquid, while monitoring the temperature using an infrared camera. A numerical model is established and solved by a semianalytical method called the thermal quadrupole method. Finally, we conclude with a comparison between the experiments and the numerical study.
In this work, we investigated the morphological effect of dichloromethane (DCM) on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plant. We studied in vitro the influence of its concentration on alfalfa germination. The plants were placed in pots for 15 weeks, and exposed to increasing concentrations of DCM (50 mg L À1 and 84 mg L À1 ). In addition, we examined the effect of two manures (cow and sheep), which were applied to a contaminated soil, on alfalfa plant growth. The effect of the presence of dichloromethane is obvious even in plant-soil manure system. In fact, in the event of contamination, the soil-cow manure mixture represents the best setting medium for the Alfalfa plant compared to other environments, regardless of the contamination level. Indeed, the presence of two types of manure does not allow the suppression of the inhibitory effect of dichloromethane on the mass of the dry matter of the aerial part which is 18.38% for the cow manure-amended soil and 13.96% for the sheep manure-amended soil.
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