Foram analisadas as características morfológicas e citoquímicas das células sanguíneas de 14 acipitrídeos de vida livre apreendidos ou resgatados no bioma Mata Atlântica do Rio de Janeiro. Este estudo foi conduzido utilizando duas técnicas de coloração citoquímica, a peroxidase (PER) e o sudan black B (SBB). Para análise morfológica, extensões sanguíneas coradas foram avaliadas em microscopia óptica. Até onde sabem os autores, este foi o primeiro estudo sobre morfologia de células sanguíneas em Parabuteo unicinctus e o primeiro a avaliar citoquimicamente as células sanguíneas dessa espécie e de Rupornis magnirostris. Quanto à morfologia constatou-se que as células sanguíneas dos animais avaliados foram similares às de outros acipitrídeos. Heterófilos foram os leucócitos mais prevalentes, sendo também observados eosinófilos e linfócitos em valores expressivos. Apenas os eosinófilos de P. unicinctus apresentaram reação positiva para PER e SBB. Os exemplares de R. magnirostris apresentaram eosinófilos com reação positiva somente para SBB. Os demais leucócitos tiveram resultados negativos para PER e SBB. Concluiu-se que as características morfológicas e citoquímicas das células sanguíneas de P. unicinctus e de R. magnirostris são semelhantes às de outros acipitrídeos, exceto os eosinófilos, que diferem bioquimicamente. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo das técnicas citoquímicas pode fornecer uma base de dados importante a ser acessada em futuras pesquisas, inclusive sobre a influência da composição dos eosinófilos na função dessas células em rapinantes.
Hemoparasitism is known to vary according to the presence of vectors and hosts, and hematological examination can be a useful tool for early diagnosis in avian medicine, contributing to monitoring and conservation of bird populations. In this context, we aimed to analyze the clinical and hematological aspects of free-ranging owls seized or rescued from the Atlantic Forest biome of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The animals, with or without clinical signs of diseases, were studied regardless of their age, sex, and physical status. Blood samples were collected and complete blood counts were carried out. Five different species were obtained in this study. These species were Megascops choliba (50%), Asio clamator (18.75%), Athene cunicularia (18.75%), Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana (6.25%), and Strix huhula (6.25%). Orphaned birds and traumatic injuries were the causes of admission to the wildlife rehabilitation facility. The search for hemoparasites revealed infection by protozoa of the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Trypanosoma. We concluded that hematological findings in seized or rescued owls predominantly suggested the presence of stress or inflammation resulting from post-traumatic situations. The causes of admission were mostly due to human interference, which demonstrates to have a negative impact on the health aspect of owl populations in urban centers, such as Rio de Janeiro. Blood protozoa are circulating among the different populations of owls and although infection by Haemoproteus spp. and Trypanosoma spp. seems to trigger a low pathogenic potential, Plasmodium infection may indicate unfavorable prognosis, endangering wild species.
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