Objectives
In order to facilitate the study of vocalizations in emerging genetic common marmoset models of neurodegenerative disorders, we aimed to analyze call type changes across age in a translational research environment. We hypothesized that acoustic parameters of vocalizations would change with age, reflecting growth of the vocal apparatus and a maturation of control needed to make adult-like calls.
Methods
Nineteen developing common marmosets were longitudinally video- and audio-recorded between the ages of 1–149 days in a naturalistic setting without any vocalization elicitation protocol. Vocalizations were coded for call type (cry, tsik, trill, phee, and trill-phee) and analyzed for duration (sec), minimum & maximum frequency (Hz), and bandwidth (Hz). Mixed model linear regressions were performed to assess the effects of age on call parameters listed above for each call type.
Results
Cries decreased in duration (p=0.038), maximum frequency (p=0.047), and bandwidth (p=0.023) with age. Tsik calls decreased in duration (p=0.002) and increased in minimum frequency (p=0.004) and maximum frequency (p=0.005) with age. Trill calls increased in duration (p=0.003), and trillphee bandwidth (p=0.031) decreased with age.
Discussion
Our results demonstrate that development of common marmoset vocalizations is call type-dependent and that changes in acoustic parameters can be detected without complex vocalization elicitation paradigms or specialized audio recording equipment. Thus, we demonstrate the feasibility of a naturalistic protocol to collect and objectively analyze marmoset vocalizations longitudinally. This approach may be useful for studying vocal communication deficits in genetic models of neurodegenerative disorders.
A copper-mediated radiobromination of (hetero)aryl boronic pinacol esters is described. Cyclotron-produced [ 76/77 Br]bromide was isolated using an anion exchange cartridge, wherein the pre-equilibration and elution solutions played a critical role in downstream deboro-bromination. The bromination tolerates a broad range of functional groups, labeling molecules with ranging electronic and steric effects. Bologically active radiopharmaceuticals were synthesized, including two radiobrominated inhibitors of poly ADP ribose polymerase, a clinically relevant chemotherapeutic target for ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers.
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