Trvalá udržitelnost je velmi diskutovaným tématem po celém světě, souvisí nejen s množstvím odpadů a emisí spotřebovaných a vytvořených při výrobě stavebních materiálů, ale i s životností konstrukcí. Pro stavební konstrukce většinou platí, že pokud se podaří zachytit poruchu na počátku jejího vzniku, jsou náklady na její odstranění daleko nižší než po letech nekontrolované degradace. Lokalizovat poruchu včas, často znamená, detekovat ji dříve, než je viditelná pouhým okem. Klíčovým prostředkem ke zjištění skrytých defektů by mohly být metody nedestruktivního testování. Cílem příspěvku je tedy ověřit možnosti využití elektroakustických metod pro diagnostiku poruch železobetonu, a současně je cílem vyšetřování jádrových vývrtů odebraných z konstrukce dle nového vydání normy ČSN EN 13791.
The paper focuses on the assessment of structures using the methods described in the new edition of the ČSN EN 1371 standard. An experiment will be conducted on cores taken from reinforced concrete columns under compressive loading up to the ultimate resistance. The concrete used to make the column should correspond to old concrete used in the second half of the 20th century. The column will be made with a deliberately created defect - such as stratification or bad compaction of the concrete. When the column is damaged, different degrees of damage to the concrete along its height occur. This can be detected by a thorough examination of cores through the ultrasonic and resonance methods.
The paper describes the possibilities of non-destructive determination of the location and depth of reinforcement in concrete structures using electromagnetic cover meters. It is currently one of the most popular methods for determining the location, cover depth and diameter of reinforcement. However, there are not many sources that would give a detailed description of specific measurement results. This paper describes the use of the Profometer PM-630 cover meter for in-situ measurement of a steel-reinforced-concrete road bridge deck. The paper details the results of measurements of cover depth, bends in reinforcement, and discusses the strong and weak points of the method.
The paper discusses means of testing the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete, which is part of an existing structure. Practically all standards and regulations dealing with freeze-thaw resistance describe tests that require cast prism-shaped specimens. This can make determining the freeze-thaw resistance of a concrete part of a structure rather difficult. The paper discusses the problem in detail, proposes solutions, and presents a real-world example of determining the freeze-thaw resistance of bridge abutments.
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