The sustainable forest management concept contains the essence of the sustainable development paradigm - meeting the current needs of society without compromising the needs of future generations. The strategic commitment of the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo is aimed at quality education of forestry experts, conducting innovative research and the most intensive cooperation with the economy. The methodological approach in this paper is based on a critical analysis of the scope of the educational-research process at the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo, and the potentials of sustainable forest management in BiH, to determine to what extent higher education and research on environmental, sociological and economic aspects of forest management can affect positive changes in BiH society. Apart from identifying the benefits of forest ecosystems in the context of contributing to sustainable development, the research on the attitudes of teaching staff related to the contribution of the educational-research process to general goals of sustainable development from the 2030 Agenda was conducted. The results of this paper show that the concept of sustainable forest management, as it is realized in educational-research process at the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo, has significant potential to contribute to sustainable development in BiH. This contribution is reflected in biodiversity conservation, mitigation of climate change, carbon storage, prevention of natural disasters, impact on the stability of water and soil, energy supply from renewable sources, continuous economic growth, socially responsible production and consumption, job security, development of rural and urban areas as well as maintaining and improving the psychophysical health of the population. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that sustainable forest management, grounded on scientific postulates, understanding of diversity of forest ecosystem services and dynamics in society's requirements towards forests, multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral cooperation, can be an important factor of sustainable development in BiH.
SUMMARYForest resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina present rich sites of various non-wood forest products. In the concept of sustainable use of forest resources and assurance the economic, environmental and social effects, non-wood forest products have great importance, especially in the strategic commitments of rural development. However, information on the potentials of non-wood forest products in Bosnia and Herzegovina is very scant, whereas institutional and procedural framework relevant to this sector is underdeveloped. In this paper value chain analysis of non-wood forest products in Bosnia and Herzegovina have been carried out in order to identify the participants in the value chain, their mutual relations, and the analysis of organizational and institutional issues that affect the economic aspects of certain stages of the value chain. Survey method was used for primary data collection in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the relevant information from participants in the chain of non-wood forest products has been obtained. The study included a sample of 156 collectors, who had continuity in the collection and delivery, and 18 companies engaged in purchasing, processing and distribution, which have agreed to participate in the research. For data processing and interpretation of the results classical methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and comparison, and statistical methods of trend analysis were used. Technique of SWOT analysis was used in order to identify the positive and negative factors, as the basis for defining the strategic direction of non-wood forest products sector development.The obtained results indicate on the presence of numerous problems in the value chain. The share of individual groups of non-wood forest products in the analyzed period is: 50% of berries, 40% of medicinal and aromatic plants and 10% of mushrooms. The average annual growth rate of purchased and processed amounts of medicinal and aromatic plants was 17%, 28% of forest berries, and 27834% of mushrooms. Approximately 93% of these products are distributed in the international market, whereas achieved prices are twice as high as compared to the domestic market. Sales trend has been increasing both in the domestic and foreign markets. The average annual growth rate of sales in the domestic market for mushrooms is 120%, for forest berries 85%, and for medicinal and aromatic plants 64%. The average annual growth rate of sales in foreign markets is 15% for medicinal and aromatic plants, 26% for berries and 33% for mushrooms. The most important foreign markets are Germany, Italy and Austria, and also the United States and Canada for essential oils. The research results show that it is necessary to take certain measures on improvement the institutional and procedural framework relevant for the sector of non-wood forest products, for purpose of its affirmation and contribution to overall national economy. Observed in a broader socio-economic context, it can significantly affect the definition of the fore...
UDK 630*9:502.1(497.6 Sarajevo) Mnogobrojne političke, ekonomske i sociološke promjene neizbježno utiču na način na koji ljudsko društvo percipira šumu kao prirodni fenomen i šumarstvo kao specifičnu ljudsku djelatnost. Nedovoljno razumijevanje promjenjivih zahtjeva društva prema šumi onemogućava njihovu integraciju u planske dokumente i kreiranje konzistentne šumarske politike. Posljedice takvog stanja su ozbiljne i po pravilu rezultiraju nezadovoljstvom javnosti načinom na koji se upravlja i gospodari šumskim resursima. Ovo pitanje je posebno naglašeno u urbanim sredinama u kojima stanovništvo odlaskom u šumu i boravkom u prirodi, na relativno jednostavan i jeftin način ”konzumira” različite sociološko-ekološke usluge koje u značajnoj mjeri smanjuju negativne posljedice svakodnevnog stila življenja u gradu. Istraživanjem zahtjeva stanovništva Kantona Sarajevo u odnosu na šumu došlo se do dragocjenih podataka o obrascu ponašanja tokom posjeta šumskim područjima, stavovima, razlozima boravka i interesima stanovništva u odnosu na šumu, ocjeni važnosti funkcija koje šuma pruža društvu, negativnim uticajima tokom boravka u prirodi i neophodnim korektivnim aktivnostima u cilju otklanjanja tih uticaja. Dobijeni rezultati mogu poslužiti kao smjernice za reorganizaciju poslovnih sistema šumarstva i kreiranje konzistentne šumarske politike u Kantonu Sarajevo, sa naglaskom na potrebu utvrđivanja i zadovoljenja zahtjeva stanovništva Kantona Sarajevo u odnosu na šumu, uzimajući u obzir promjenjivost socioloških, političkih, demografskih i ekonomskih faktora.
A company that handles natural resources such as forests is a complex economic entity. In addition to economic performance at annual level, the biological component of sustainable forest management should also be considered. It is therefore extremely important to achieve efficient business performance. Financial analysis is a process of determining important business and financial characteristics of a company from accounting data. It is characterized by a wide use of financial reports and various financial indicators - key figures. The paper presents business indicators of the main state-owned forest companies in selected countries of South East Europe (Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and North Macedonia) using the method of comparative analysis based on financial reports (such as balance sheet and income statement). In countries where there are more than one state-owned forest companies, they were selected according to their importance for forest management and business results (share of forests, number of employees, profit and annual felling). The research results show the revenue and expenditure of the selected companies and profitability indicators such as return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). According to the annual business reports for 2017 and 2018, the company Croatian Forests Ltd. has the highest number of employees (7787 in 2018). The highest ratio ROA (32.17) and ROE (39.82) were achieved in the Slovenian state forestry company in 2017, which was founded in 2016. For 2018, the best results are achieved in the Slovenian Forest Company (SiDG), while the weakest results are achieved in the State Forest Company in North Macedonia. The profit per employee decreased in 2018 for most companies, but most significantly in North Macedonia, where it was four times lower. On the basis of the comparative analysis presented, all companies have a positive cost-benefit ratio, but long-term planning of forest management should follow biological and economic regulations to be competitive on the free market.
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