Objective:To determine the frequency of dyslipidemia in patients with lupus nephritis and its association with the degree of proteinuria.Methods:This cross-sectional analytic study included 65 patients who fulfilled the ACR (American College of Rheumatology) criteria for SLE and had renal involvement, presenting to the Division of Rheumatology, Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH), and Lahore from 21st Sep 2016 to 20th Dec 2016. After 12 hours overnight fast their blood samples were assessed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Patient demographic variables (age, sex) and disease characteristics (disease duration, degree of proteinuria, steroid dose) were noted. Patients were categorized into two groups on the basis of degree of proteinuria: having proteinuria >1gm or ≤ 1gm. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Individual lipid profiles were correlated with the degree of proteinuria.Results:Most common lipid abnormality found in our study was hypertriglyceridemia (58.5%). Total Cholesterol and LDL-C was high in 55.4% and 30.8% subjects respectively. Low HDL was found in 21.5% subjects. Increased frequency of dyslipidemia was noticed in those subjects who had proteinuria >1gm (P value < 0.05).Conclusion:Dyslipidemia was observed in a high frequency in patients with lupus nephritis and was strongly associated with their degree of proteinuria.
This study was designed to investigate risk of ischemic heart disease in different social classes of healthy Pakistani population above 40 years of age. We stratified healthy Pakistani population into 5 social classes according to their life style and work profile. Different baseline parameters and serum markers were measured to investigate risk factors and to determine the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) over next 10 years in different social classes. Baseline measurement of IHD risk factors were obtained from 100 healthy volunteers (age range >40 years). Physical and biochemical parameters namely fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels, total cholesterol (TCH), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure were investigated. The volunteers were divided into five social classes on the basis of their job profile and life style. IHD risk calculation was done with risk prediction chart for non-diabetic patients as recommended by British heart association. The mean value of serum cholesterol in healthy volunteers was 195.43± 5.22 mg/dl, mean TG, 250.4± 12.4 mg/dl, mean HDL, 83.63± 5.32 mg/dl, mean LDL, 113.88± 4.42 mg/dl, mean FBS, 85.66± 2.98 mg/dl and for the mean BMI was 24.61 ± 0.410 Kg/m². Our data shows that social class IV (labors and hard workers) has significantly lower BMI as compared to class I, II and III and significantly lower FBS as compared to class I. Social class V (farmers) has significantly lower total cholesterol as compared to class I and II and TG in class III were lower as compared to class I. Cumulative IHD risk >30% over next 10 years was significantly lower in class V as compared to class I (p-value <0.05). Cumulative IHD risk >30% over next 10 years was 10 % in Pakistani population. Social class V has significantly lower IHD risk >30% over next 10 years.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.