Risk stratification based on histomorphology alone remains problematic. We conclude that soft tissue and bone invasion, some atypical histological features, p53 expression and high PI identify meningiomas with benign histological features but unfavourable clinical outcome. We suggest that those patients should be followed more closely for evidence of recurrent tumour or may be treated more aggressively at the time of diagnosis.

Caveolin- (cav-1) has been linked to tumor progression and clinical outcome in breast cancer, but its role as a prognostic marker is still unclear. We evaluated stromal and tumor caveolin-1 expression in 91 breast carcinomas, and assessed the association between their expression and clinicopathologic variables as well as patient outcome and early tumor recurrence. Absence of stromal caveolin-1 expression was detected in 18.7% of cases, while 25.3% of cases revealed tumor epithelial caveolin-1 expression. Combined stromal and tumor caveolin-1 immunopositivity was seen in 24.2% of cases. Absence of stromal cav-1 associated with larger tumor size, higher grade, higher nodal stage, higher number of positive nodes, higher TNM stage, positive HER2 status, higher recurrence rate, and shorter mean progression free survival (PFS). Stromal cav-1 status was a significant predictor of PFS in ER+, PR +, and HER2 + tumors. In tamoxifen-treated patients, absence of stromal Cav-1 was a significant predictor of poor clinical outcome, suggestive of tamoxifen resistance. Conversely, tumor epithelial and combined caveolin-1 expression, didnot associate with patient outcome. In multivariate analysis, only TNM stage independently associated with survival. Loss of stromal caveolin-1 is a novel breast cancer biomarker that can predict early tumor recurrence, short PFS, and tamoxifen- resistance. Thus, its use as a predictive biomarker, especially in lower grade, lower stage, ER+, PR+, HER2+, and tamoxifen treated patients may allow for early interventions with more aggressive therapies. Thus, stromal marker expression and epithelial-stromal cross talk may be critical for tumor progression and metastasis.

LLR is superior to the OLR with significantly shorter duration of hospital stay and does not compromise the oncological outcomes.

When technically feasible, limited resection should be considered a reliable and curative option for duodenal GIST achieving satisfactory disease-free survival. The technical feasibility is guided by the tumor size, possible adjacent organ involvement, and its exact anatomical location.

Deregulation of the cell cycle regulating genes is common in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC). We aimed to examine the prognostic significance of ki-67, p53, p63 and cyclinD1expression in UBC and to identify optimal cut-off points to help identifying patients at high risk of tumor recurrence. We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of ki-67, p53, p63 and cyclinD1 in 100 UBCs. The conventional and the classification and regression trees-guided (CART-guided) methods were utilized to determine the independent predictors of tumor recurrence. The p53 and Ki-67 expression didn't associate significantly with tumor recurrence.p63 and cyclinD1 exhibited significant hazard ratios. Using CART, no recurrence was observed when p63 was ≥87.5%. The recurrence incidence increased and the disease free survival (DFS) time shortened as the p63 decreased. CyclinD1 associated significantly with tumor recurrence only if p63 was <35%. Using the CART cut-off values¬, cases were categorized into three groups; (groups I: p63 ≥ 35%, II: p63 < 35% and cyclinD1 < 10% and III: p63 < 35% and cyclinD1 ≥ 10%). Group I patients revealed the least incidence of recurrence at the longest DFS. Group III had the worst prognosis followed by Group II. p63 represents a surrogant biomarker to predict UBC recurrence.CyclinD1 can be used only when p63 is <35%. CART proved helpful with data among which the number of cases with positive outcomes is too small relative to the number of studied predictors. Large cohort studies for ki-67 and p53 are recommended to be performed with standardized criteria as regards patients' characteristics, cut-off values, and follow-up time.