We present a particle core model study of the space charge effect on high intensity synchrotron beams, with specific emphasis on the Proton Storage Ring (PSR) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Our particle core model formulation includes realistic lattice focusing and dispersion. We transport both matched and mismatched beams through real lattice structure and compare the results with those of an equivalent uniform-focusing approximation. The effects of lattice structure and finite momentum spread on the resonance behavior are specifically targeted. Stroboscopic maps of the mismatched envelope are constructed and show high-order resonances and stochastic effects that dominate at high mismatch or high intensity. We observe the evolution of the envelope phase-space structure during a high intensity PSR beam accumulation. Finally, we examine the envelope-particle parametric resonance condition and discuss the possibility for halo growth in synchrotron beams due to this mechanism.
The nonlinear beam dynamics of transverse betatron oscillations were studied experimentally at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility Cooler Ring. Particles were kicked onto resonance islands and the properties of these islands were studied. The island tune was determined with high precision by Fourier analyzing the spectrum containing the island oscillations. The island width was estimated based on a single-resonance model. The Hamiltonian of particle motion near a resonance condition was thus deduced.
The envelope instability of high intensity beams in circular accelerators is studied via multiparticle simulations. The space charge kicks are derived from a Gaussian potential model for an efficient tracking. The evolution of the envelope phase space coordinates are derived from the bunch distribution. We found that the envelope stop band played an important role in emittance growth. Correction schemes of the envelope stop bands are studied. Because the space charge force pushes the envelope tunes downward, harmonics less than twice the betatron tunes are also important on emittance growth. Our code is efficient and fast, it can be used to study the effect of space charge force on high power accelerators.
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