The review group concluded that breastfeeding seems to protect from the development of atopic disease. The effect appears even stronger in children with atopic heredity. If breast milk is unavailable or insufficient, extensively hydrolysed formulas are preferable to unhydrolysed or partially hydrolysed formulas in terms of the risk of some atopic manifestations.

SUMMARY Fifty children with primary nocturnal enuresis were randomised for a study comparing desmopressin (DDAVP) and enuresis alarm. Forty

Compared with the 2 x 2 FIX + F treatment the use of budesonide/formoterol was 30-40% lower in the SMART groups while maintaining equal ACQ(5) scores. Daily asthma control improved equally with 2 x SMART compared to 2 x 2 FIX + F with a reduction in asthma medication cost. The one dose once daily maintenance treatment (1 x SMART) resulted in a low level of treatment failure (exacerbations) but led to more days with symptoms. Therefore, a daily dose of two inhalations seems to be the lowest appropriate dose in patients with moderate persistent asthma.

Sleep pattern and behaviour was studied in 88 children with nocturnal enuresis and compared with 340 non-enuretic children. There were no differences in common psychosomatic complaints. Enuresis was almost three times more common in the families of the enuretic children than in the families of their non-enuretic peers. The enuretics were considered deep sleepers by their parents. A wake-up test showed that they were more difficult to arouse at night compared with controls (p < 0.001). These results demonstrate that enuresis has a strong genetic link and enuretics are characterized as deep sleepers but do not display different day-time behavioural patterns compared with their non-enuretic peers.

No abstract