In current technology, white light generation from a light emitting diode (LED) can be achieved by combining the lights from three fundamental colors, namely, red, green and blue (RGB), of LEDs or by coating a phosphor layer onto the surface of a LED chip. The first method involving the RGB color mixing technique requires a complicated electrical circuit design for the control of light intensity and uniformity on the three different colors of LEDs and hence increases the costs of manufacturing. The second method is implemented by coating a layer of yellow phosphor on a blue LED chip for white light illumination. The quality of generated white light heavily depends on the packing density, the thickness and the uniformity of the phosphor coating. There have been some coating methods available in the industry. Each one of them has its own pros-n-cons. In the present study, a new yellow phosphor coating method by screen-printing on blue LED arrays is developed. Compared with conventional coating methods, this screen-printing method is considered relatively simple and rather effective. The newly developed method and the results of prototyping are introduced in this paper in detail.
Modulation bandwidth and the emission region are essential features for the widespread use of visible light communications (VLC). This paper addresses the contradictory requirements to achieve broadband and proposes ultrafast, asymmetric pyramids grown on adjacent deep concave holes via lateral overgrowth. Multicolor emission with an emission region between 420 nm and 600 nm is obtained by controlling the growth rate at different positions on the same face, which also can provide multiple subcarrier frequency points for the employment of wavelength division multiplexing technology. The spontaneous emission rate distinction is narrowed by lowering the number of the crystal plane, ensuring a high modulation bandwidth over broadband. More importantly, the residual stress and dislocation density were minimized by employing a patterned substrate, and lateral overgrowth resulted in a further enhancement of the recombination rate. Finally, the total modulation bandwidth of multiple subcarriers of the asymmetric pyramids is beyond GHz. These ultrafast, multicolor microLEDs are viable for application in VLC systems and may also enable applications for intelligent lighting and display.
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