192 salud pública de méxico / vol. 62, no. 2, marzo-abril de 2020 Denova-Gutiérrez E y col. Denova-Gutiérrez E, Vargas-Chanes D, Hernández S, Muñoz-Aguirre P, Napier D, Barquera S. Linking socioeconomic inequalities and type 2 diabetes through obesity and lifestyle factors among Mexican adults: a structural equations modeling approach. Salud Publica Mex. 2020;62:192-202. https://doi.org/10.21149/10819 Denova-Gutiérrez E, Vargas-Chanes D, Hernández S, Muñoz-Aguirre P, Napier D, Barquera S. Asociación entre las inequidades socioeconómicas y la diabetes tipo 2 mediada por la obesidad y factores del estilo de vida en adultos mexicanos: un enfoque de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Salud Publica Mex. 2020;62:192-202. AbstractObjective. To assess the association between type 2 diabetes (DM2) and socioeconomic inequalities, mediated by the contribution of body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), and diet (diet-DII). Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data of adults participating in the Diabetes Mellitus Survey of Mexico City. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics as well as height and weight, dietary intake, leisure time activity and the presence of DM2 were measured. We fitted a structural equation model (SEM) with DM2 as the main outcome, and BMI, diet-DII and PA served as mediator variables between socioeconomic inequalities index (SII) and DM2. Results. The prevalence of DM2 was 13.6%. From the fitted SEM, each standard deviation increases in the SII was associated with increased scores of DM2 (β=0.174, P<0.001). Conclusion.The results in the present study show how high scores in the index of SII may influence the presence of DM2.
Background:The health and nutritional conditions of older adults in Mexico are heterogeneous. Theprevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases is elevated with disparities in functionality and socioeconomicinequities. Objectives:To obtain updated information of the health and nutritional profile of older adults inMexico in a national representative sample. Methods:Information was obtained from 6,687 60 years and olderadults from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2012). An index defining the status of"healthy adult" was constructed taking into account the variables of independence in performing activities ofdaily living (ADL), based on the development by Katz, instrumental ADL, no chronic diseases, nonsmoker andno active use of alcohol. Tables of frequencies and proportions were constructed and expanded to describe thegeneral characteristics and nutritional status of the adult Mexican population. A logistic regression model wasused to study changes in the probability of being classified as a healthy adult with respect to different variables ofinterest. Probabilities using the delta method were estimated to establish 95% confidence intervals. Results:Inthis study 12.2% of the older adults, were classified as healthy. The logistic regression model adjusted for thevariables included in the study shows that the interaction of age and gender is significant (P = 0.068), where theprobability of healthy adult status decreases in women with ageing and remains stable for men. Also, living in thesouthern region of the country significantly decreases the probability of healthy adult status (P = 0.001). Genderof the older adult was not significant. Conclusions:In Mexico, the health conditions of older adults are deficient.Public policies need to be generated that are directed at this population group and will translate into self-careactions in the early stages of life so as to guarantee a healthy future.
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