Experimental model of peritoneal adhesion formation developing in rats and rabbits as a result of dosed autohemoperitoneum is described. The role of peritoneal macrophages, their microenvironment cells, and cytokines in the development of peritoneal adhesions is demonstrated.
Short-acting β2 -agonists (SABA) overuse is associated with negative outcomes in asthma patients. There is a lack of actual data about patterns of SABA overuse in the Russian population with asthma.The aim. To investigate patterns of SABA overuse in the Russian population with asthma.Methods. Data from the Russian population of “SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) III” study were analyzed. SABINA III was a cross-sectional observational study covering 24 countries. Adults and adolescents with a documented diagnosis of asthma for at least 12 months were enrolled in the study. Data on disease characteristics and asthma treatments during previous 12 months were collected using real-time electronic case report forms and were analyzed with methods of descriptive statistics.Results. Majority of the Russian population (n = 618) consisted of patients with moderate/ severe asthma (78.5%). Asthma was uncontrolled or partly controlled in 70% of patients. SABA over-prescription (≥ 3 canisters per year) was seen in 37% of patients. The frequency of SABA over-prescription was similar in patients with mild (35%) and moderate/severe (38%) asthma. SABA was purchased over-the-counter (OTC) in the past 12 months by 30% of all patients, while 14% purchased ≥ 3 canisters of SABA per year. More than 90% of patients who purchased SABA OTC, already received prescriptions for SABA, of whom 59% were prescribed ≥ 3 canisters per year.Conclusion. Russia is faced with very high level of SABA overuse. Over-prescription is the main cause for SABA overuse. To reduce SABA overuse, it is necessary to educate both patients and doctors, and actively implement up-to-date asthma treatments.
Aim. To study the possibility of the use of known medications used in cardiology - calcium channel blockers - derivatives of phenylalkilamine (verapamil), benzodiazepine (diltiazem), dihydropyridine (nifedipine) - for prevention of peritoneal adhesion formation. Methods. The study of the effect of different concentrations of medications on nuclear translocation of NF-κB, proliferative and collagen-synthetic activity of fibroblasts was conducted in the primary culture of rats peritoneal fibroblasts with hemoperitoneum. Aseptic injury of peritoneum was caused by modeling of autohemoperitoneum according to original method. Results. It was found that verapamil and diltiazem normalized nuclear translocation of NF-κB, processes of fibroblasts proliferation and their collagen synthesis by optimizing fibroblast functional activity during adhesion formation induction. Verapamil and diltiazem affected fibroblasts similarly but with different intensity. Verapamil in concentrations 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml and diltiazem in concentration 0.1 mg/ml suppressed the excessive fibroblast activity by inhibiting their proliferative and collagen-synthetic activity, nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Verapamil demonstrated the most prominent pharmacological effect. Nifedepine did not reveal such effect. At the molecular level inhibiting effect of calcium channel blockers verapamil and diltiazem on the activation of apoptosis blocking nuclear transcription factor NF-κB was demonstrated. Conclusion. Verapamil and diltiazem can be recommended for further detailed experimental and clinical studies focused on widening of biological activity spectrum of known medications and area of their clinical use.
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