Currently, human magnetic resonance (MR) examinations are becoming highly specialized with a pre-defined and often relatively small target in the body. Conventionally, clinical MR equipment is designed to be universal that compromises its efficiency for small targets. Here, we present a concept for targeted clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can be directly integrated into the existing clinical MR systems, and demonstrate its feasibility for breast imaging. The concept comprises spatial redistribution and passive focusing of the radiofrequency magnetic flux with the aid of an artificial resonator to maximize the efficiency of a conventional MR system for the area of interest. The approach offers the prospect of a targeted MRI and brings novel opportunities for high quality specialized MR examinations within any existing MR system.
Aim: Studying, statistical processing and classification of complications that arose after breast augmentation with silicone gel implants.Material and methods. Complex clinic-radiological examination of 590 women after a breast augmentation with silicone gel implants was performed. Various complications after breast augmentation were diagnosed in 223 (37.8%) cases. Radiology examination included X-ray mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (X-ray, US and MRI).Results. The analysis of the data obtained allowed us to divide all the identified complications of breast augmentation into 3 groups depending on the etiology and pathogenesis of their occurrence.Conclusion. The proposed classification of complications of breast augmentation using silicone gel implants, based on their etiology and pathogenesis, will allow to choose the optimal treatment method predicting its efficiency.
Purpose: to evaluate retrospectively the MR data of the breast phyllodes tumors and to perform comparative analysis of the MR signs and the histological grade of the phyllodes tumors.Materials and methods. The analyses enrolled 27 pathologically confirmed phyllodes tumors (mean age of patient 37.8 y.o.). Following features were evaluated: tumor shape and structure, margins, size, type of contrast enhancement, foci of high signal intensity on the T1-WI, foci of hypo- or isointense signal on the T2-WI comparing with intact breast tissue, presence of cystic inclusions and the type of their margins.Results. The study included 18 benign, 4 borderline and 5 malignant phyllodes tumors. The following features showed significant correlation with the tumor grade: irregular margins of the cystic foci (p = 0.003), foci of hypo- or isointense signal on the T2-WI compared with intact breast tissue (p = 0.005). Foci of high signal intensity on the T1-WI were often revealed in the malignant (3/5) and borderline tumors (2/4), but this dependence was not significant (p = 0.021). According to pathomorphological correlation the foci of the high signal intensity on the T1-WI corresponded to hemorrhages, while cystic foci with irregular margins were revealed to be foci of necrosis. The foci of hypo- or isointense signal on the T2-WI compared with intact breast tissue corresponded to the hypercellular stroma.Conclusion. Specific features of phyllodes tumors are useful in differentiation of their histological types; furthermore the MR mammography provides accurate data for planning the point of biopsy.
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