Моделирование работы перепадной шахты на канализационной сети 31 Аннотация Введение: за рубежом проблема сниже� ния интенсивности микробиологической коррозии сооружений канализационных се� тей отчасти решается применением стоя� ков с винтообразным движением потока. Однако использование подобных конструк� ций в канализации г. Санкт�Петербурга исключается в силу конструктивных не� достатков, которые могут привести к за� купоркам стояка и авариям на сети. � Рос� сии применяется конструкция стояка из чугунных труб в бетонном футляре, кото� рый является очагом для начала процесса разрушения. Перспективным способом для решения этой проблемы может оказаться использование в качестве стояков перепа� дов полиэтиленовых труб. Для обоснова� ния возможности их применения на столь ответственных сооружениях необходима оценка прочностных характеристик полиэ� тиленовых трубопроводов в зависимости от расхода жидкости. Цель исследования: разработка мультидисциплинарной модели функционирования реального стояка пере� пада, позволяющей рассчитать гидродина� мический режим и произвести оценку воз� УДК 628.259Abstract Introduction: Ab��ad the p��blem �f �ed�cti�n �f the intensity �f mic��bi�l�gical c����si�n �f the sewage netw��ks is pa�tly s�lved by the �se �f stand pipes with v��tex fl�w. H�weve�, the �se �f s�ch st��ct��es in the sewe�age system �f �t. �ete�sb��g is imp�ssible d�e t� design disadvantages, which can lead t� pl�gging �f the stand pipe and accidents �n the netw��k. In R�ssia the c�nst��cti�n �f the stand pipe made �f cast i��n and encl�sed in c�nc�ete case is �ften �sed, and this stand pipe is the cente� �f the dete�i��ati�n p��cess. The �se �f p�lyethylene pipes as d��p stand pipes can be a pe�spective way f�� s�l�ti�n �f the p��blem.T� s�bstantiate the p�ssibility �f thei� �se in s�ch c��cial facilities, it is necessa�y t� eval�ate the st�ength cha�acte�istics �f p�lyethylene pipelines, depending �n the fl�w �ate �f the liq�id. Purpose: Devel�pment �f a m�ltidisciplina�y m�del �f f�ncti�ning �f a �eal d��p stand pipe that all�ws t� calc�late the hyd��dynamic �egime and t� assess the effect �f l�ads f��m the falling st�eam. Results: As the �es�lt �f sim�lati�n the dependences �f the fl�w vel�city at the ��tlet �f the stand pipe and the p�ess��e at the inlet f�nnel and at the
Introduction. Separation chambers are designed and built for separate and partially separate sewerage systems. Their main function is to separate the flow of relatively clean water during heavy rain. This allows the discharge of such water without treatment into water bodies or storage tanks. The approach reduces the load of wastewater treatment plants. To design separation chambers, we need to understand how their design features affect the process of flow separation. It is possible to study the hydraulic characteristics of separation chambers of any design with the help of computer simulation. Two designs of separation chambers were investigated: a circular spillway with a full-scale prototype and a spiral spillway proposed by the authors. Methods. The research was based on simulation in the ANSYS CFX finite element analysis software. For each design, a series of five experiments with different incoming flow rates was performed. Results. Models of two types of separation chambers were developed and qualitatively evaluated. The hydraulic characteristics were established and quantified: the uniformity of the flow discharged for treatment and the spillway discharge coefficient. Conclusion. As a result, a principled approach was formed and tested. Using this approach, it is possible to study the hydraulic characteristics of separation chambers of various designs for their further use in the sewerage system.
The article deals with the problem of the negative impact of sewage gases on the sanitary and environmental conditions of the urban environment. There was performed monitoring of gases at a section of the sewer network with three observation wells as the most common type of structures. To control gas concentration, measuring equipment was installed in the wells for twenty four hours. According to the results of the survey, there was established the presence of methane and an increased content of carbon dioxide in the system. Also, a one-shot measurement of gas concentration in the environment near the wells was carried out. Based on the monitoring results at the observation wells, a low potential of the air pollution has been identified.
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