Background: Among the different production factors, irrigation and nutrient management are of immense importance in Pigeon pea cultivation. Drip irrigation can be considered as an efficient irrigation system to maintain optimum moisture content in the root zone. Split application of fertilizers at appropriate stages of crop growth ensure a regular flow of both water and nutrients resulting in increased growth rate and higher yield. Fertigation proposed as a means to increase efficient use of water and fertilizer to increase yield and sustained irrigated agriculture. The current study aims to study the efficacy of split application of N, P and K on growth, water and nutrient use efficiency, productivity and profitability of Pigeon pea.Methods: The field experiment was conducted at Department of Agronomy Farm, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during three consecutive kharif season of 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with four replications and eight treatments with an objective to study the efficacy of split application of nutrients on growth, water and nutrient use efficiency, productivity and profitability of Pigeon pea. Result: The results revealed that, all the growth parameters, yield attributes and grain yield of Pigeon pea were substantially enhanced by drip fertigation levels at 125:100:100 per cent recommended NPK than lower fertigation levels (75 and 100%) and over conventional soil application of recommended dose of NPK kg ha-1. Drip fertigation at 125:100:100 per cent recommended dose of NPK ha-1 recorded higher pigeon-pea pooled grain yield of 4053 kg ha-1. The maximum GMR (Rs.226807 ha-1), NMR (Rs.176604 ha-1), B:C ratio (4.52) and highest economic efficiency of Rs.883 day-1 ha-1.
A field investigation entitled "Response of drip fertigation and its interval on nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency, water use efficiency and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)" was carried out at Department of Agronomy Farm, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during the Rabi season of 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design with four replications and eight different irrigations and fertigation treatments imposed for wheat crop with an objective to study the nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency and water use efficiency through drip fertigation in wheat. The experimental site was established with inline drip irrigation system (16 mm) lateral laid out at 90 cm with 50 cm dripper spacing. Irrigation water was applied through drip irrigation system on every alternate day based on cumulative pan evaporation and surface irrigation water was applied at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio. Experiment results revealed that, in wheat crop the nutrients uptake was favourably increased with higher level of fertigation compared with lower levels and soil application method. During entire crop growth, higher uptake of N and K were observed at 100 per cent levels of N and K fertigation in 7 days interval which was at par with 100 per cent drip fertigation of RDNK in 14 days interval. Progressive increase in applied level of N and K correspondingly increased the nutrient uptake and lower uptake was noticed in conventional method of fertilizer application in surface irrigation. Water use efficiency was markedly improved by drip fertigation at higher level compared to conventional soil application and surface irrigation method. However, NUE showed increasing trend with increasing level of N and K, but lower NUE was observed in conventional method of fertilizer application. As a consequence of better nutrient uptake and WUE in treatment drip fertigation with 100 per cent RDNK in seven days interval recorded higher grain yield of 5653 kg ha -1 which was at par with 100 per cent drip fertigation of RDNK in fourteen days interval with grain yield of 5580 kg ha -1 . It could be concluded that application of 100 per cent RDNK in seven days interval found to be best and at par with 100 per cent RDNK in fourteen days interval for better uptake of nutrients, NUE, WUE and maximizing the wheat grain yield through fertigation.
Carbon stock in different pools viz. trees, ground flora, litter, deadwood and soil was estimated in Panna, Pench and Satpura tiger reserves (TRs) and for comparison in adjoining territorial forests (TFs), Balai and Hingana of Madhya Pradesh, India. Annual carbon sequestration was assessed by the difference of carbon stocks of two consecutive years. Tree density in TRs was higher than TFs and number of trees ha -1 under different girth classes represented good reverse J-shaped curve for TRs where more than 90 percent trees belong to smaller GBH range of 30-120cm. TFs have staggered curve due to unnatural management of forests leading to around 20 percent of trees of GBH>120 cm. The annual carbon sequestration by the trees was found maximum by the trees in Pench, followed by Satpura. Tectona grandis supremely dominated species-wise contribution in the carbon stock of the studied forests, followed by Lannea coromandelica, Lagerstroemia parviflora and Terminalia tomentosa. However, annual carbon sequestration was reported maximum in Flacourtia indica and Bombax ceiba. Carbon in herbaceous and litter pools of protected TRs was observed more than TFs. Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) contributed the maximum among all the carbon pools. Pench TR reported maximum SOC (42.84 t ha -1 ), followed by Satpura (40.10 t ha -1 ). The total carbon in all the pools in TRs was recorded greater than TFs and in the order; Pench (79.68 t ha -1 ) >Satpura (73.84 t ha -1 ) >Panna (63.37 t ha -1 ).
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