Characteristics of the internal transport barrier (ITB) were studied. The region of steep ∇T i and ∇V t , i.e. the ITB front, propagated from the core outwards. The thickness of the ITB front was about 3 cm. The ITB worked as a particle transport barrier as well as a thermal transport barrier for ions. The threshold heating power for ITB formation strongly increased with electron density and was independent of the toroidal magnetic field. ITB with τ E /τ ITER89-P E ≈ 2.6 was sustained for twice the global energy confinement time τ E . A repetitive relaxation phenomenon at ITB was observed, which induced D α spikes like ELMs but had a different poloidal distribution. * This paper is an extended version of a contribution to the 22nd EPS conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics held in Bournemouth, UK, July 1995.
Reversal effects of the toroidal field Bt on the principal divertor plasma parameters were investigated under radiative and detached divertor conditions in L mode discharges. The ion flux to the inboard separatrix strike point decreased before a MARFE occurred, irrespective of the ion Del B drift direction. The local electron temperature, Te, div, decreased to around 10 eV. The maximum fraction of power radiated in the divertor was comparable between the two directions of Bt. With the power flowing into the two divertor fans being slightly larger on the outboard than on the inboard, a nearly symmetric in-out heat load was observed for the ion Del B drift away from the target. This was due to the outboard enhanced asymmetries in the particle flux and radiation loss distributions. From the viewpoint of in-out symmetry in the target heat load and Te, div, operation with the ion Del B drift away from the target plate is desirable as long as the attached divertor condition is maintained. On the contrary, during the MARFE, although deterioration of the energy confinement as well as the increase in the fuelling efficiency were comparable, for the ion Del B drift towards the target the plasma did not detach completely, and the strong in-out asymmetry in the particle recycling was relaxed to a relatively symmetric distribution. From the viewpoint of particle exhaust to the divertor, operation with the ion Del B drift towards the target is favourable
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