The operation. snalysis and experimental resulta of a new quartz rnultivibrator a m presented. Tho multivibrator is based on the usa of a free-running emitter-couplod circuit. I t has two free points, one of which is used for the output. Thus ot this point them in no integration effect, msulting in smnll transition times in the output voltage. In tho prosent cirouit thoso times can bo reduced to about 40 ns.The frequency stability of this quartz multivibrator is vcry high and amounts to 3 x lo-'/\' in tho 5-40 V aupply clmnge, 5 x 10-"C in tho 20-LOOT ternpcrature vsriation with the quartz crystal outaide the oven and about 2 H z when the output of tho rnultivibrator a t 500 k H z is loaded by o maistor of 2 kIl or capwitor of 1000 pF.
IntroductionSince long ago it has been known that a high frequency stability of a harmonic oscillator can be obtained by means of a quartz crystal. As the frequency stability of a free-running circuit is quite poor, the harmonic quartz oscillator is also oft.en used for generating the square-wave with high period stability. In fact, the sinusoidal voltage of a quartz-controlled oscillator is used for triggering ;r regenerative switch, like the Schmitt trigger, in order to obtain a square wave. However, such a square-wave generation is complex, because it needs, apart from a quartz-controlled oscillator, a square-wave shaping circuit.The first application of the quartz crystal to frequency control of t,he relaxation oscillator was indicated by Newhoff (1063). He made a crystal-controlled multivibrator, substituting both time capacitors in the collector-coupled freerunning circuit by two quartz crystals. Kolataj (1969) and Damljanovi6 (1974) constructed the quartz multivibrator of the same type using one quartz only. In all these papern only the experimental results regarding the frequency stability of the multivibrators are presented. The theoretical interpretation and mathematical analysis of such a quartz multivibrator were performed by Vasiljevid and Tesio (1976).The above-mentioned works doubtlessly confirm the possibility of using a quartz crystal as a multivibrator frequency control. Moreover, the quartz control is applicable not only to the collector-coupled multivibrator but to all other types of free-running circuitry. Tesic and Vasiljevid (1976) showed that very good results regarding the frequency stability, transit,ion times and loading can be achieved wit,h the quartz multivibrator using complementary switches.In this paper thc: application of the quartz crystal to the frequency stabilization of the emitter-coupled multivibrator is considered. First, the theoretical interpretation of such a quartz multivibrator is presented and then the operation mode and the experimental results of the basic circuit and its modifications.
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