Two field experiments were conducted at the private field in El-Zarka City, Damietta Governorate, Egypt, during 2016 and 2017 seasons to evaluate the effects of organic fertilization rates (compost rates) and foliar spraying by some biostimulant substances on yield and its components,growth as well as quality of snap bean (Contender cultivar). A split-plot with three replicates was the experimental design. The vertical-plots to three compost rates i.e. without compost (control treatment), 50 % of the recommended dose (2 tons compost/fed) and 100 % of the recommended dose (4 tons compost/fed).The horizontal plots were devoted to four treatments of foliar spraying with some biostimulant substances i.e. foliar spraying with brassinolid at the rate of 10 ppm, moringa extract at the rate of 200 ppm, chitosan at the rate of 200 ppm and tap water (control treatment). The most important results can be summarized as follows: The highest values of vegetative growth characters, pod yield and its components as well as quality of snap bean pods were resulted from fertilizing with (4 tons compost/fed) 100 % .On the contrary, the lowest values of growth characters, pod yield and its components and chemical composition of snap bean pods were obtained from plants not treated with compost (control treatment). Foliar spraying snap bean plants three times with 200 ppm chitosan exceeded all foliar spraying with some biostimulant substances and resulted the highest values of vegetative growth characters, pod yield and its components as well as quality of snap bean pods. Followed by foliar spraying with brassinolid at the rate of 10 ppm and then moringa extract at the rate of 200 ppm. Whereas, the lowest values of vegetative growth characters, pod yield and its components as well as quality of snap bean pods were resulted with control treatment (spraying with tap water).It can be concluded that organic fertilizing with 4 tons compost/fed and foliar spraying three times with chitosan at the rate of 200 ppm folloued by spraying with brassinolid 10 ppm in order to obtain high yield and its components,growth as well as quality of snap bean (Contender cultivar).
Two field experiments were conducted at Private Farm Al-Doaa region, Baltim, Kafr Ash Shaykh, Egypt in 2015, 2016 seasons to study the effect of some osmo-regulators and/or antioxidants to ameliorate the harmful effects of salinity stress on Top Star hybrid sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum, L) plants in sandy soil under drip irrigation system, during the early summer season on vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality.The obtained results could be summarized as follows:Soil application of Kitasal (2 ml/l) gave the longest plant, heaviest fresh and dry weight, largest leaf area, and gave the highest fruit yield (ton/fed.) compared with other treatments in both seasons. All foliar applications significantly increased all studied parameters compared with the untreated plants. The superior application was 250 ppm glycine-betaine followed by Glutathione (50 ppm) or Potassium silicate (250 ppm) in both seasons, respectively. Interaction between soil application of Kitasal (2 ml/l) and foliar application of glycine-betaine (250 ppm) gave the highest values of vegetative growth represented by plant height, leaf area fresh and dry weight along with, fruit yield and its component represented by fruit weight, yield/plant, and total yield/fed. From the obtained results it could be concluded that, using Kitasal (2ml/l) as soil application in combination with foliar application of 250 ppm glycine-betaine improved both growth and yield of sweet pepper plants under salinity condition.
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is considered one of the main vegetable cash crop for both local consumption and exportation in Egypt. The most important disease infect tomato plants is early blight caused by Alternaria solani which also attacks several nightshade crops including potato and eggplant. Under favourable weather conditions the disease cycle takes about one week.This rapid reproduction cycle can expand the disease so rapidly and completely defoliate tomato plants causing a severe losses in yield. Therefore, a 7-10 day spray schedule with protecting fungicides is a traditional and effective system to control tomato early blight. Consumer concern about agro-chemical residues is strong in Egypt, and particularly relevant for fresh consumed products, including tomato. This consumer concern for food safety and the environment has lead to certified schemes for good agricultural practices such as disease forecast. A computerized forecast model named by the authors (TEB-Cast) is an integral linking based on short term observations over several tomato growing seasons , analyzing the correlation between 24 hour microclimate data collected throughout real time automatic Agroweather station (Adcon Telemetry A733 AddWave) , was evaluated and validated under both computer lab. (workstation) and open field in 2005 and 2006 growing seasons .The results indicated that TEB-Cast forecast model correctly timed the first spray and the disease daily infection potential and significantly reduced the number of sprays compared with the routine schedule fungicide applications in both 2005 and 2006 growing seasons respectively. The basic roles of system analysis for model evaluation and validation are discussed in details.
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