In 40 deliveries a new variable, heat flux from the fetal scalp, was recorded and correlated with fetal outcome. The heat flux from the fetus, which reflects the temperature gradient between the warmer fetus and the mother was measured by a transducer attached to the fetal scalp after rupture of the membranes. In the last 20 min before delivery we found a statistically significant correlation (p less than 0.05) between heat flux from the fetus and pH of umbilical artery blood. Heat flux in the group with higher pH differed significantly from those with lower pH. We conclude that heat flux measurements could be developed and used for fetal monitoring.
This case report describes and discusses the entity of arteriovenous shunt malformations in the uterine and adnexal region. The diagnostic measurements and clinical importance of this disease is also outlined. The condition is rare, but should be considered in cases of severe hemorrhage when routine investigations have been normal. For the first time bloodgas-analytic measurements showing the extent of the shunting have been performed with such a disease.
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