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Thondaimanaru lagoon is one of the shallow coastal lagoons in Jaffna peninsula. The current study was conducted to assess the present status of water quality and fish species composition of this lagoon. Water sampling was conducted from July 2016 to December 2016. Nine random samples were collected monthly in order to determine water temperature, pH, salinity, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Dissolved Solids and turbidity. A smarTROLL Multi parameter (Insitu 458389) was used to measure all the parameters except turbidity, which was measured by turbidity meter (2100Q HACH). Random samples of fishes were collected once a month. One-way ANOVA was used to perform statistical analysis. Water temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, salinity, Total Dissolved Solids and turbidity showed significant variations (p < 0.05) whereas pH value did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05) among the months. Chanos chanos, Hemirhamphus sp., Nematalosa nasus, Mugil cephalus, Liza parsia, Oreochromis mossambicus, Arius caelatus and Gerres lucidus were present throughout the study period. Results revealed that the important water quality parameters fluctuated due to seasonal environmental changes where shallow water depth of lagoon, rate of evaporation as well as precipitation had a significant influence on the water quality characteristics.

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The present study was carried out in Allaipiddy for a period of eight months from June 2014 to January 2015. The socio-economic data of randomly selected 53 fishermen was obtained through pre-tested structured questionnaire, in-depth guided interview and observation. Descriptive analysis of the direct social demography was done by using SPSS. All fishermen are Catholics and Sri Lankan Tamils. The sex demography of the community explicit that male is higher in percentage (54.4 %). In the fisherfolk, families with five members are higher in percentage (33 %) and most of them are nuclear families (95 %). Majority of the active fishermen fall in the 36 -45 age-group. All the fishermen are having primary education and only 21 % of them are teetotalers. The existing fishing methods are underwater-Sirahuvalai (46 %), Seer-net fishing (21 %), Driftnet fishing (13 %), Crab-net fishing (11 %) and Arakodiyan-net fishing (9 %). Majority of fishers (90 %) are earning Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 40,000 per month, while 6 % of them earn as high as Rs. 40,000 to Rs. 60, 000. The economic analysis of the Allaipiddy fisherfolk reveals that high income earning fishermen are involved in underwater-Sirahuvalai.