Polyester based glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are widely used in marine and automotive industries because of its strength to weight ratio with lower price. In order to have the better properties of GFRP composites, the particulate filler material titanium oxide (TiO2) was added in unsaturated polyester resin with the fiber reinforcement by hand lay-up process. The fiber content was kept at 35 wt% constant with the fiber length of 5 cm. The particulate was varied with 2 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 8 wt. %, and 10 wt. %. Experiments were carried out to study the mechanical properties like tensile strength, impact strength, and Rockwell hardness. The chemical resistance analysis (CRA) was carried out by weight loss method. The mechanical properties of the hybrid reinforced composites were improved due to the fiber content with increased particulate content. The influence of the particulate content was more pronounced in the chemical resistance.
In this study, Titanium Oxide (TiO 2 ) particulate filled e-glass fiber reinforced composites in the unsaturated polyester resin matrix were prepared and its dry sliding wear behavior was optimized. Composites of varying fiber lengths of 1, 2 and 3 cm, respectively with different fiber content of 30, 40 and 50 wt. %, respectively were made. The particulate was varied with 2, 5 and 9 wt. %, respectively. The hybrid reinforced composites were prepared by hand layup method and the wear was measured adopting pin-on-disk system. Taguchi's experimental design approach was used to make a parametric analysis of the variable fiber length, fiber content and filler material content. The influencing parameter on the wear rate was determined using the Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The fiber content emerged as the most significant factor affecting the wear rate of the composites. The regression analysis was carried out to determine the nonlinear analysis for the prediction of the optimized model.
The foremost aim of the present study was to disclose the comparative advantage between developed and developing economies for the years 2006-2015. After careful introspection, among the various indices, Balassa's Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index was chosen and product commodities with HS code 50-55 were selected for the study to authenticate the compatibility of the textile industry of developing countries. It was found that for HS code 51 (wool, animal hair, horsehair yarn and fabric thereof) developed economies were having higher RCA over developing economies. But for silk, cotton, manmade fibers and filaments, developing economies have favorable conditions for worldwide export. It was observed that in the year 2009, RCA for developing economies was maximum for silk, cotton and manmade fibers /filaments within ten years. RCA values tend to decrease and minimum in the year of 2015 for developed economies for cotton, Vegetable textile fibresnes, paper yarn, woven fabric and manmade fiber/filaments.
Purpose In this study, TiO2 is used to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite material containing agave Americana fiber and polyester resin. Design/methodology/approach Agave Americana fiber was first treated with 5% of NaOH, and the composition of treated and untreated fiber was kept constant, whereas the particulate and resin were alternatively used. The handlay method is used to fabricate the composite plates. The morphology of the composites was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Findings The composite was composed of 30% treated agave Americana, 10% of TiO2 particulates and 60% of a polyester resin for better and enhanced mechanical properties. Practical implications The composite can be used for aero-structural components, automobile components and other areas where light-weight components are required. Originality/value A new type of agave Americana fiber with TiO2 and polyester resin composite was fabricated and investigated.
The new set of hybrid composites consisting of randomly oriented short e glass fiber reinforcement, polyester resin and titanium oxide (TiO2) particulate were developed by hand layup technique. Wear test was carried out by rubber wheel abrasive test (RWAT) rig with the four operating variables filler content, applied load, abrasive grit size (Al2O3) and test duration. The wear test of the composites were done on the basis of Taguchi's L9 (34) Orthogonal array. Analysis of variance and S/N ratio was used to study the optimum wear. From, Taguchi's experimental design a mathematical regression model of the wear rate was suggested. Genetic algorithm (GA) was used to compare the result which obtained from Taguchi's design of experiment. The fitness graph from the GA gives the better fitness function in which the operating variables were determined and the minimum wear rate was obtained. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image discovered to review the crater formation and fiber pull out.
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