The article is devoted to the study of the features, problems, risks and development trends of the ferrous metallurgy of the Republic of Belarus. Its specificity lies in high centralization of the industry and signs of a cluster structure; the use of scrap metal as a raw material; the predominance of state ownership; export orientation; intra-industry cooperation institutionally formalized into a holding; geographical proximity to the consumer. Since the ferrous metallurgy of the Republic of Belarus is import-dependent and export-oriented, the article considers its development taking into account the risks arising in the field of raw material supply, as well as through the prism of factors determining dynamics of world steel markets as the main type of Belarusian ferrous metallurgy products. The dynamics of economic cycles; investments in ferrous metallurgy; stimulation and growth of steel-consuming industries; changing environmental requirements; protectionist measures of international trade are revealed as these factors. Ferrous metallurgy of the Republic of Belarus doesn’t take an important place in world markets, but nevertheless demonstrates the dynamic development and growth of production. At the same time, many, first of all, external risks and threats require constant adaptation of Belarusian metallurgical enterprises to maintain the economic security of the industry. There is proposed in the article to develop measures to preserve traditional trade relations; strengthening intersectoral cooperation with industries which consume products in the domestic market; individualization of demand; “smart” environmental policy, which involves toughening environmental requirements and preservation of economic efficiency; digitalization with the Russia and Western Europe experience; search for alternative sources of raw materials.
The article is devoted to the problems of national security of the Republic of Belarus, the challenges and threats for which are generated by informatization and the transition to a risk economy are fundamentally new. The epistemological crisis of Belarusian science, intensifying against the backdrop of the paradigm crisis of economic science as a whole, poses a serious potential threat to national security. The trend of atomization of threats to national security, blurring the line between the economic security of Belarus and the economic security of industrial enterprises, strengthens the need for highly qualified specialists in the field of economic security of economic entities. A systematic approach to ensuring economic security cannot be fully implemented without the training of civil engineering and economic specialists with competencies that include design, economic, technical, technological, organizational and managerial, information and analytical components.
The mineral mining industry traditionally considers safety in terms of production and ecology. Modern economy is the economy of risks. Economical development in such conditions is associated with high politico-economic, technological, financial and environmental uncertainty. Moreover, there exist the external (anti-competitive practices) and internal (closure of production, loss of jobs, social tension) hazards. Economic security of large businesses, including the mineral mining sector, is often directly connected with the national security. Based on the integrated economic security of a country and an industry, the author discloses the background and avenues of transformation of approaches to economic security on a macro and micro scale. The top-priority ways to reach advancement in the mineral mining sector in Belarus are modernization of technology and management, including digital transformation of mining plants and their businessmodels, reduction in consumption of materials, decrease in reliance on import, toughening of the environmental standards and competitive recovery on international markets. In this respect, it is required to balance the active tasks of the mining industry (enhancement of capitalization and profitability) and the long-term economic security. To this effect, it is intended to update the engineering economy personnel training in terms of development of better defined and higher performance competencies at the end of economic security in mining. The author lays foundations for the necessity of engineering economy personnel training in economic security of businesses in the mineral mining sector and presents the principles of selection of the required competencies of such specialists.
The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of a new social paradigm – risk economy. The current stage of society development and the economy is characterized by a critical increase in financial, technological and technological, political and economic, geo-economic and other uncertainties. It is impossible to understand their ontological nature and reveal the phenomenological specificity without a meaningful definition of the current stage of development of the economic system of society. The article consistently revealed the characteristics of current society, which allowed the author to present a new political and economic concept that characterizes the current stage of development of society and the economy – the risk economy. The risk economy is an economy of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries, characterized by the highest degree of political, economic, technological, financial and environmental uncertainties and risks. These risks are becoming comprehensive, many of them are in principle unpredictable, and their possible negative consequences could lead Humanity to a global catastrophe. Understanding the nature of risk economics is critically important for developing effective political and economic mechanisms to counter these risks.
Белорусский национальный технический университет, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь Статья посвящена теоретическому обоснованию новой социальной парадигмы-экономике рисков. Современный этап развития общества и экономики характеризуется критическим нарастанием финансовых, технико-технологических, политикоэкономических, геоэкономических и других неопределенностей. Понять их онтологическую природу и раскрыть феноменологическую специфику нельзя без содержательного определения нынешней стадии развития экономической системы общества. В статье последовательно раскрыты характеристики современного общества, что позволило автору представить новый политико-экономический концепт, характеризующий современный этап развития общества и экономики,-экономику рисков. Экономика рисков-это экономика высокотехнических и наукоемких производств, характеризующаяся высочайшей степенью политико-экономических, технологических, финансовых и экологических неопределенностей и рисков. Эти риски принимают всеобъемлющий характер, многие из них в принципе непредсказуемы и их возможные негативные последствия могут привести человечество к глобальной катастрофе. Понимание природы экономики рисков критически важно для выработки действенных политикоэкономических механизмов противостояния этим рискам.
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