An in vitro study was carried out to determine the presence of free infectious CMV in the supernatant of donated units of blood and platelets which were known to be CMV seropositive. One sample was taken from each of 10 units of CMV-seropositive platelet donations which were 4 days old. Ten units of seropositive blood were sampled at intervals over their storage lifespan. Each sample was divided into two and thrombin was added to one of them. The samples were all prepared by centrifugation. The resulting supernatant from the clotted samples was used in in vitro culture studies using the MRC-5 cell line to ascertain the infectivity of the samples. The anticoagulated supernatants were subjected to PCR analysis to detect the presence of free genomic CMV DNA. All of the units of blood and platelets tested positive for the presence of genomic CMV DNA by PCR. Seven out of the 10 units of blood were culture positive from samples taken 3-4 weeks into their shelf-life. None of the platelet samples was culture positive. The cultures of supernatants taken from seropositive blood were negative when the units were fresh, but further into their storage life, the cultures became positive, indicating that infectious material was released into the supernatant during storage, presumably due to the breakdown of intact white cells.
A retrospective analysis of levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in 1419 health care workers was carried out to compare the efficacv of intramuscular and intradermal administration of plasma derived and recombinant hepatitis B vaccines. No significant difference was detected between the response to intradermal and intramuscular plasma derived vaccine. However of those who received intramuscular recombinant vaccine 81P6 %, 13 8 % and 4-7 % were good ( > 100 miu/ml), low (10-99 miu/ml) and non-responders (< 10 miu/ml) respectively, compared with 51-1%, 298% and 192% of the intradermal group (P < 00001). Low dose intradermal administration of recombinant vaccine did not produce satisfactory levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen.Hepatitis B vaccines are expensive and as the intradermal dose is normally one tenth of the intramuscular dose use of the intradermal method could result in considerable cost savings. Early studies which compared the efficacy of intramuscular and intradermal plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine suggested that there was little difference in the results [1][2][3]. Recombinant yeast derived vaccine has also been used intradermally but the results suggest that low dose intradermal inoculation of recombinant vaccine is less immunogenic than is intramuscular administration [4][5][6]
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.