The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interproximal enamel reduction (IER) on tooth surfaces regarding the level of enamel roughness after applying different IER methods and the caries risk of treated teeth. Seven electronic databases were systematically searched. Two independent reviewers rated the articles at every step according to predetermined eligibility criteria. Data on enamel roughness were pooled if the same IER method was used and arithmetic values were available. Data on occurrence of caries were suitable for the analysis if the same units for caries development were used. From 2396 citations initially identified, 18 articles met the inclusion criteria and were further considered (14 studying enamel roughness and four studying the risk of caries after IER). A meta-analysis of quantitative data regarding enamel roughness was not possible due to statistical heterogeneity; instead, the enamel roughness findings are only described. The meta-analysis of studies focusing on the incidence of caries revealed no statistical difference between treated and untreated enamel surfaces (p = NS) from 1 to 7 years after IER. Drawing reliable conclusions on enamel roughness after IER is difficult owing to the diversity of the available studies. Statistically, the occurrence of caries on surfaces previously treated with IER was the same as that on intact surfaces, indicating that IER does not increase the risk of caries on treated teeth.

The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of tooth transpositions in a sample of orthodontic patients, describe the accompanying anomalies and report on the management and therapeutic outcome. Overall, the male to female ratio was 4:3, left side predominance was evident, and there was a high incidence of associated dental anomalies. Attempts to correct tooth order usually resulted in untoward effects on periodontal tissues. Consequently, individual anatomical conditions may be decisive in successful clinical management of such cases.

Objective Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital abnormality that causes three-dimensional facial asymmetry, affection of the dental occlusion, and failure of growth of the midface in the growing child. This report outlines orthopedically induced condylar growth in a patient with hemifacial microsomia. Patient A 7-year-old girl with hemifacial microsomia, complete absence of the left mandibular condyle, and severe facial asymmetry was treated orthopedically in an early stage by means of a functional appliance. Functional therapy was instituted to stretch the deficient soft tissues to guide and promote skeletal growth and stimulate the affected areas. The treatment was completed with fixed appliances. Results The effect of the therapy was an excessive change in condylar growth in the affected side. Facial asymmetry was corrected and a symmetric mouth opening was established. Conclusions The treatment of patients with hemifacial microsomia should be initiated early enough so that the stimulus could in some degree normalize the deficient tissues and induce bone apposition, and in some cases surgical intervention could be avoided.

Bilateral condylar involvement in children with JIA seems to reduce the lower arch length, while increasing the irregularity index of the lower front teeth.

The treatment of patients with hemifacial microsomia should be initiated early enough so that the stimulus could in some degree normalize the deficient tissues and induce bone apposition, and in some cases surgical intervention could be avoided.

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