The aim of the research and production study was a systematic analysis – monitoring the dynamics of changes in productivity and technological indicators during five or six consecutive lactations in cows with long service life in the industrial dairy complex. The analytical part of the study was conducted during 2016–2021 on the basis of a dairy enterprise-breeder of Ukrainian red dairy cattle, which is located in the Odesa region (STOV “AF” Petrodolynske”). During the five-year scientific and production monitoring of technological indicators of a group of cows with long-term operational use (5–6 lactations) at the industrial dairy complex with breeding stock of Ukrainian red dairy breed was found a significant increase in milk productivity with increasing number of calves, respectively: 1.53 lactations – 5107.32 kg of milk per standard lactation; 2.18 – 6754.32 kg; 3.05 – 7699.26 kg; 4.02 – 9267.24 kg; 5.04–9007.15 kg, respectively (P < 0.001). Simultaneously, the optimization of physiological and technological parameters in the controlled group was revealed, namely: reduction of lactation duration from the first to the third calving with a slight increase to the fifth (437.87; 348.03; 329.27; 342.00; 334.76 days respectively (P < 0.001) and a significant reduction in the interval between periods (475.13; 488.73; 396.73; 407.88; 415.26 days; respectively (P < 0.001). Thus, the study showed that the cows of the newly formed Ukrainian red Dairy breeds with a long term preservation of lactation function have a high genetic potential of milk yield and adaptability to industrial production, but the high intensity of technological pressure on breeding stock has led to a significant reduction in the number of such animals in the age structure of the herd to 6.29%. effective ways to overcome the biological conflict between the needs of the physiology of high-yielding cows and the requirements of industrial milk production, further research is needed.
Представлені результати науково-виробничого дослідження з оптимізації схеми синхронізації статевих циклів ремонтних телиць в умовах промислового молочного комплексу. Експериментально встановлено, що графік застосування гормональних препаратів достовірно впливає на ефективність прояву індукованого статевого циклу в прогнозовані терміни. Так, схеми ін'єкції гормональними препаратами тварин-аналогів по варіантах загальноприйнятих протоколів OvSynch та PreSynch показали візуальний прояв еструсу в телиць на рівні 86,79 і 89,16 %, а заплідненість за даними УЗД в 35 діб-52,38 і 60,80 % відповідно. Відсутність планового числа індукованих циклів разом з низьким рівнем запліднення негативно позначилась на ритмічності графіка отелення. Запроваджена з врахуванням завдань виробництва експериментальна схема застосування гормональних препаратів, що базувалась на показниках пальпаторної діагностики активного жовтого тіла яєчників, виявила наявні фізіологічні резерви регуляції статевої функції ремонтного поголів'я: всі телиці, що мали морфологічні показники (функціональні жовті тіла) до цільового застосування препаратів-аналогів простагландину F 2α, проявили ознаки статевого збудження, а заплідненість при мінімальному гормональному навантаженні становила 65,0 %. Аналіз одержаних результатів виявив істотні ресурси економії коштів і робочого часу персоналу за рахунок зменшення кількості ветеринарних препаратів, але з'ясував необхідність високої кваліфікації зооветеринарних спеціалістів для оптимізації відтворення ремонтного поголів'я в умовах промислового виробництва молока.
The article presents the results of a study of the efficiency of transcervical embryo transplantation obtained from donor- cows in vivo. The aim of the experiment was to compare the effectiveness of ipsilateral transfers randomized laterally from the uterine horn of embryos of different stages of development (blastocysts and morulas). The embryos were located in the left or right horn of the uterus of recipient heifers (n = 283 cows). It was experimentally established that the functional asymmetry of the ovaries of the recipients affects the level of survival of preimplantation embryos. Thus, in case of transfer to the left horn of the uterus of the recipients blastocysts 60.91% of pregnant heifers were found; morulas - 45.45%. In case of similar procedures in the right horn of the uterus - were found respectively 58.78% and 14.29% pregnant. The obtained results indicate the need for further scientific research to study the structural and physiological features that affect the survival rate of pre-implantation embryos.
The results of the influence of complex probiotic defence of the mucous membranes of the reproductive system and intestines on the development of the corpus luteum of the cycle in heifers have been presented. By the method of differential palpation diagnostics in vivo, it was reliably examined that in the experimental group after carrying out procedures for the normalization of mucous membranes with the multicomponent probiotic drug “Multibacterin Veterinary Ba + La”, the number of heifers with high-quality of corpus luteum the ovaries was 48.21% more, and the number of cases of premature luteolysis was 12.50 % less (P < 0.01). The level of pregnancy in heifers in the experiment was on average 60.38 %, in the control – 46.94 %, which confirmed the positive effect of the probiotic protection of the mucous membranes on increasing the embryo survival by optimizing the conditions for embryonic nutrition on the surface of the endometrium.
The results of a comprehensive examination of a group (n = 179) of high-yielding cows of the second half of lactation (more than 200 days) with diagnosed pregnancy (80–225 days of pregnancy) during 30 days of visual observation, among which 6 individuals (3.35 %) were found. symptoms of altaphagia (distortion of taste). Analysis of the biochemical profile of blood serum showed the presence of a number of subclinical abnormalities in a number of indicators, namely (in parentheses are the reference values): Ca/P – 0.92 units (1.1–1.6); total protein – 50.52 g/l (70–85); albumin/globulin – 3.63 units (0.6–1.3); ALT – 35.32 g/l (10–30); AST – 97.32 g/l (10–50); creatinine – 186.10 μmol/l (80–130); alkaline phosphatase – 323.38 units (100–200); urea – 5.08 mmol/l (3.5–6.0). Due to the fact that the active livestock of the dairy complex was provided with fodder base, timely addition of optimized according to modern standards complete mixed diet with 4 % mineral premix, the main causes of biochemical metabolic disorders can be considered dysfunction of intestinal microbiota, digestive and protective functions. of the mucous membrane due to chronic latent inflammatory processes, which was confirmed by the results of the assessment of feed transit (40.09 % of the remains of the daily diet of cows remained after washing of manure samples, which differed in a significant amount of undigested feed components and the inclusion of exfoliated necrotic particles of the mucous membrane). The latent course and accumulation of alimentary pathologies of the digestive tract contributed to the formation of a negative background for the symptoms of endogenous hunger in cows, manifested by signs of altrophagia, which were only clinical and ethological signals of chronic metabolic disorders in many high-yielding lactation groups. Given the importance of maintaining a high physiological status of dairy cows for profitable dairy production, the need to continue research to study the ethological signals of animals remains relevant to find effective means of preventing foodborne illness, including normoflorization of digestive mucosa.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.