replacing portland cement with composite binders in many construction spheres is becoming increasingly reasonable. A prerequisite for this is the ability to provide the binder with set of properties necessary for the most effective implementation of a particular practical task at minimum expense. Such optimization allows in some cases to achieve higher performance than the original cement, in others – to form new properties of the material, as well as provide direct or indirect savings of various resources. One of the most important parameters determining the strength characteristics of composites and their durability is the used binder water requirement. Furthermore in some cases the mixture must have certain rheological characteristics. Various types and generations plasticizing and water reducing additives are widely used to regulate these parameters. The article discusses relation of fine components electrosurface properties – the clinker component and various genetic types mineral additives for the main types of plasticizers magnitude diluting effect. The basic mechanisms and regularities are described, recommendations that allow to optimize the consumption of expensive additives or increasing their effectiveness in solving various practical problems are formulated.
At this stage of development of construction technologies and widespread digitalization, one of the most promising and interesting areas of the Russian and international scientific community is construction printing. The main idea of construction printing is to create a finished product or structure with a single installation. The most important task now is to master printing with porous concrete to give structures the required thermal characteristics, without which additive construction cannot fully compete with conventional technologies in the construction of wall structures. One of the promising materials in this case is foam concrete, in which the rapid fixation of the porous structure and the given shape is provided by the use of a composite gypsum binder. The paper considers the possibility of moving away from traditional composition that include active mineral additives by using Portland cements with various mineral additives. The influence of the used foaming agent on the hardening process of the gyp-sum-Portland cement system with various mineral additives was studied. This solution is designed to simplify the technology, make it more attractive for small and medium-sized businesses, increase the compatibility of the binder with foaming agents, as well as its activity to ensure high mechanical performance of foam concrete.
The article discusses the possibility of obtaining the effective thermal insulating and constructive foamed concrete on a composite gypsum binder. The composition was selected, the stepwise loading scheme of the foam concrete mixture components was proposed, the properties and microstructure of cellular concrete based on a composite gypsum binder with mineral addition of finely-dispersed concrete scrap were studied.
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