No abstract

Trichinellosis is a globally re-emerging parasitic disease. The available current treatments are more or less not effective especially for larvae with many drawbacks. Consequently, appropriate natural treatment is needed. The present study evaluated the in-vitro anthelminthic effects of Olibanum (OL) extract against Trichinella spiralis adults and larvae. Adults and muscle larvae were incubated with OL extract at concentrations of 10, 25, 50, 100, & dium. The histopathological changes and mortality both stages were assessed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The OL extract showed significant anthelminthic activity against adult and larval stages. The maximum and the earliest inhibitory effect were with 150 (100% mortality at 36hr incubation) for both stages. However, a concentration of 100 showed prolonged incubation time (48hr). Difference between both concentrations was signi-0.5). Besides, T. spiralis adults and larvae incubated with OL extract at concentrations of 100 &150 histopathological changes in the form of cracks, blebs and areas of degenerative changes with loss of normal annulations.

Trichinosis is a global food-borne zoonotic disease. Most drugs used in its treatment have low bioavailability and reduced activity against larvae. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and effective medications. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo anti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of olibanum (OL) extract, alone or combined with albendazole (ABZ) during both intestinal and muscular phases of trichinosis. Male Swiss albino mice (n = 130) were allocated to seven groups, with 20 mice in each group except for the negative control group (10 mice): negative control (GI), positive control (GII), OL25- treated (GIII), OL50- treated (GIV), ABZ50- treated (GV), OL25 + ABZ25 (GVI), and OL50 + ABZ25 (GVII). For intestinal and muscular phase analysis, each group was divided into two subgroups based on euthanizing day (6 and 35 days post-infection). The drug’s efficacy was evaluated through parasitological, biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies. OL extract at both concentrations (25 mg/kg/d, 50 mg/kg/d) significantly reduced adult (53.7% and 68.1%, respectively) and larval counts (57.3% and 78.8%, respectively). It improved the histopathological changes in intestine and muscle. The expression of CD8+ T cells and the serum level of IL-10 increased significantly during both intestinal and muscular phases (P < 0.05) in OL50 treated mice. Additionally, OL decreased abnormal levels of liver enzymes (ALT & AST). Its effects were dose-dependent in both adult and larval stages. In conclusion, OL exhibits promising in vivo activity against both stages of Trichinella spiralis infection, particularly at the intramuscular phase. It can be safe as an alternative treatment for trichinosis.