During the recent decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been widely implemented in practice of the aerial survey for the purposes of inventory and mapping. This led to a variety of aerial survey results in terms of both aerial survey parameters and accuracy. Under these conditions, the task of assessing the accuracy of the final product obtained from aerial photographs with a UAV, for example, an orthophoto or a digital elevation model becomes urgent. The Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Scientific-Technical Center of Geodesy, Cartography and Spatial Data Infrastructure”, having a metrological service accredited by Rosstandart for the right to conduct metrological certification of measurement methods and metrological examination of documents, makes research tests of hardware and software for digital aerial survey and photogrammetric processing, which determine the values of metrological qualities of hardware and software complexes. The authors present the results of such tests as applied to hardware-andsoftware complexes based on the Geoscan 101 UAV and the Geoscan 201 UAV equipped with Sony DSC RX-1 and Sony DSC-RX1RM2 cameras. The accuracy indicators were obtained for orthophotos, digital surface and relief models, coordinates of targeted and non targeted points of land boundaries and building contours for all land categories and permitted uses of land parcels in accordance with the requirements of the Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russia from 01.03. 2016 No 90.
The difference between the topographic digital aerial cameras and the analogue ones are analyzed. The first one allows considering a digital aerial camera as a means of measurement. A regular rectangular grid of pixels of digital aerial cameras image sensor is a two-dimensional scale with divisions equal to the physical size of the pixel. It allows determining the position of interest points of the image in the coordinate system of a matrix of pixels, the axis of which is directed along rows and columns of the matrix. Wherein the measured value for aerial cameras, should be considered as the coordinates of the vector pointing from the perspective center to the point of interest in the coordinate system of aerial cameras, the beginning of which is located at the front nodal point of the lens, and the Sz axis is directed along the principal ray. Exactly they are directly used in the solutions of photogrammetric tasks for determination of coordinates of the locality object point. The accuracy of the result of determining the coordinates depends on the accuracy of the coordinates of a direction vector and the accuracy of the exterior orientation parameters of aerial cameras (the image). Metrological characteristics of digital topographic aerial cameras should be considered measurement range (the frame size in pixels and pixel size) and the error of a measuring instrument (the error of the coordinates of a direction vector) as the accuracy characteristics and the parameters of calibration of aerial cameras, allowing to determine the measured values according to indications of measurements with estimates of the errors of the calibration parameters.
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