The primary objective of this work is to reduce the particulate matter (PM) or smoke emission and oxides of nitrogen (NOx emissions) the two important harmful emissions and to increase the performance of diesel engine by using oxygenated additives with diesel as blend fuel. Formulation of available diesel fuel with additives is an advantage than considering of engine modification for improvement of higher output. From the available additives, three oxygenates are selected for experimentation by considering many aspects like cost, content of oxygen, flashpoint, solubility, seal etc. The selected oxygenates are Ethyl Aceto Acetate (EAA), Diethyl Carbonate (DEC), Diethylene Glycol (DEG). These oxygenates are blended with diesel fuel in proportions of 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% by volume and experiments were conducted on a single cylinder naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. From the results the conclusion are higher brake power and lower BSFC obtained for DEC blends at 7.5% of additive as compared to EAA, DEG and diesel at full load. In case of DEC blends the smoke emission is lower, whereas NOx emissions are very low in case of EAA additive blend fuels. The DEC can be considered is the best oxygenating additive to be blend with diesel in a proportion of 7.5% by volume.
The fossil fuel service is taken as one of the causes for the globalization. Fossil fuel demand has been increasing in day-to-day life. Biodiesel and Biogas are alternative fuels that rectify fuel some demand. The diesel engine can work under alternative fuels with green potential such as biodiesel. This offers one of the easiest ways for controlling and reduction of CO2, CO and unburned HC. As per the analysis of biodiesel seed, the Calophyllum Inophyllum seed has been selected for an effective result because of easy cultivation, high enriched oil content, free fatty acid and higher seed productivity rate. The oil has been extracted from Calophyllum Inophyllum seed with the application of mechanical extraction process. The acid catalysed esterification and alkaline catalysed trans-esterification process has been done for the production of Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel. In both processes, the methanol mixing ratio is maintained at 16:1 for greater removal of glycerine content. The temperature of the alkaline catalyst acts as one of the major root causes of the performance of the biodiesel. By the study from the various alkaline catalyse, calcium oxide having more effectiveness in various preparation temperature like 700 degC, 850degC and 1000degC. The operating temperatures of the alkaline catalysed (CaO) trans-esterification process will increase the performance of bio diesel. The biodiesel blends such as BD0, BD10, BD20; BD40 and BD80 has been taken at a different temperature of the alkaline catalyst. The efficiency of the IC engine has been measured by the feed stock of the bio diesel blends.
Oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter are the main pollutants in the tailpipe emissions of engines operating with biodiesel as fuel. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of using methanol as an additive with a diesel -biodiesel mixture (DBD100 is 50% diesel and 50% biodiesel in volume) on the engine performance. Methanol added as an additive to diesel-biodiesel mixture by volume percent of 5%, 10% and 15% (DBD85M15). The results of dieselbiodiesel mixture with methanol as an additive in blends compared with diesel. The results could reduce the exhaust gas temperature due to the higher oxygen content and increase heat of evaporation of the blended fuel, hence reduces the HC, NO x emission and soot compared to diesel fuel. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Introduction:-The resources of petroleum fuel are depleting day by day and huge increase in demand of fuels, as well as stringent regulations of environment pollution directs the researchers to search for new suitable alternative fuels for diesel engines. It is suggested that oxygenated fuel helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promotes sustainable rural development by improving income, even still some resistance exist for usage. Additive is a chemical material added to base fuel to improve desirable chemical properties and also functions as a detergent or dispersed. Diesel fuel additives solve problems occur prior to burning and promote complete combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber which reduces engine deposits, smoke and emissions.The results with DMC additive in concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% shows an appreciable reduction of emissions such as particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, smoke density and marginal increase in the performance when compared with diesel fuel [1]. The observation with DMM additive was CO, smoke emission, total number and mass concentration of particulate reduce significantly, while HC emissions and particulate matter increase slightly. The oxygenated or metal based additives in the biodiesel -diesel blend produce reduced exhaust emissions as compared with diesel fuel [6]. The effect of DMM additive on particulate matter emission causes a substantial
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