ResumenLos hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) son una alternativa biológica para aumentar la absorción del fósforo y reducir el uso excesivo de fertilizantes fosfatados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de fertilización fosforada en plantas de aguacate con y sin micorriza. Para el experimento se utilizó un diseño factorial con dos factores: inoculante micorrízico (con tres niveles: Rizofermic-UV, Pacispora scintillans y sin inocular) y fertilización con fósforo (con cinco niveles: sin fertilizante, 20, 40, 80 y 160 ppm; utilizando H2PO4 como fuente de fertilizante), cada tratamiento con cuatro repeticiones. A 401 días después de la inoculación se evaluó altura, diámetro, numero de hojas, área foliar, tasa de crecimiento, peso fresco y seco y porcentaje de colonización micorrízica. Las variables se analizaron con una prueba de Fisher, considerando significativo un valor de p< 0.05. El tratamiento con 160 ppm causó la muerte de las plantas a los 150 días, mientras que plántulas inoculadas más 20 ppm mostraron un incremento en variables de crecimiento significativo (p< 0.05) con respecto al testigo. Tanto plantas inoculadas con Rizofermic-UV como con P. scintillans AbstractThe arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (HMA) are a biological alternative to increase the absorption of phosphorus and reduce the excessive use of phosphate fertilizers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of phosphorus fertilization on avocado plants with and without mycorrhiza. A factorial design was used with two factors: mycorrhizal inoculant (with three levels: Rizofermic-UV, Pacispora scintillans and uninoculated) and fertilization with phosphorus (with five levels: without fertilizer, 20, 40, 80 and 160 ppm; using H2PO4 as fertilizer source), each treatment with four replicates. 401 days after inoculation, height, diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, growth rate, fresh and dry weight and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. Variables were analyzed using a Fisher's test, with a significance level of p< 0.05. being considered significant. The treatment with 160 ppm caused the death of the plants at 150 days, while inoculated seedlings plus 20 ppm showed an increase in significant growth variables (p< 0.05) with respect to the control. Both plants inoculated with Rizofermic-UV and P. scintillans showed a significant increase in growth1510 Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc. Vol.8 Núm. 7 27 de septiembre -11 de noviembre, 2017 Jacob Bañuelos et al.mostraron un incremento significativo en variables de crecimiento con respecto al testigo (p< 0.05). Las plantas inoculadas con P. scintillans y además con un tratamiento de 20 ppm de fósforo, promueven el mayor incremento en las variables de crecimiento. La micorrización tuvo efectos positivos y significativos sobre el desarrollo de las plantas inoculadas respecto de las plantas control.Palabra clave: inoculante, fertilización, fósforo, micorriza. IntroducciónEl fósforo (P) es uno de los nutrientes lim...
The landrace varieties used in breeding programs need to have well-determined and recognized phenotypic characteristics. The guarantees in terms of productivity in the next cycles go through an evaluation of the quality of the seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether lima bean accessions differ in tegumental pattern and physiological seed quality and the relationship between the traits and to select the superior lima bean genotype for seed quality. Seeds of ten accessions (criole varieties) of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) produced in the seed multiplication field were used. The seeds were kept in plastic bottles until evaluation. A completely randomized design was used with 10 treatments (accessions) and 15 replicates (seeds) for the pattern analyses and four replicates of 50 seeds each for the germination and vigor tests. The pattern, germination and vigor of the seed lots of the breeding program depend on the accession (p < 0.05). The accessions presented seeds from small to large, with a shape varying from flat to rounded. The accessions CPCE 020, UFPI 1266 and UFPI 1294 had a satisfactory percentage of twinning, above 70%. However, the UFPI 1204 accession also had the greatest vigor. A positive correlation was observed between seed size and germination percentage, which should be considered in indirect selection within breeding programs.
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