Densification of biomass can address handling, transportation, and storage problems and also lend itself to an automated loading and unloading of transport vehicles and storage systems. The purpose of this study is to compare the physicochemical properties of briquettes made from different feedstocks. Feedstocks such as corn stover, switchgrass, prairie cord grass, sawdust, pigeon pea grass, and cotton stalk were densified using a briquetting system. Physical characterization includes particle size distribution, geometrical mean diameter (GMD), densities (bulk and true), porosity, and glass transition temperature. The compositional analysis of control and briquettes was also performed. Statistical analyses confirmed the existence of significant differences in these physical properties and chemical composition of control and briquettes. Correlation analysis confirms the contribution of lignin to bulk density and durability. Among the feedstocks tested, cotton stalk had the highest bulk density of 964 kg/m3 which is an elevenfold increase compared to control cotton stalk. Corn stover and pigeon pea grass had the highest (96.6%) and lowest (61%) durability.

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Pyrolysis is an efficient method to convert plastic waste to fuel oil, pyrolytic gas, and solid residue. The yield of these products may vary with feedstock types and reaction conditions. The mixed plastic waste HDPE, LDPE and PP was selected and characterized for fuel oil synthesis. The moisture content and bulk density of mixed plastic wastes were found as 0.18 % and 38 %, Kgm-3 respectively. Three reaction temperatures (400, 450, and 500°C) were used in a pyrolytic reactor for optimizing the pyrolysis process. Results showed that the reaction temperature has a significant influence on fuel oil yield. The optimal reaction temperature for maximum fuel oil yield (84.7%) from mixed plastic wastes was found at 500°C in the reactor. The fuel properties of fuel oil produced from plastics wastes are comparable with petrol and diesel fuels.