Steam reforming of biomass derived bio-oil liquid products was an available low carbon technology to produce sustainable hydrogen fuel. In this article, a series of nickel-based catalysts have been prepared. To examine the catalytic steam reforming behaviors over these catalysts in a fixed bed reactor system, several typical oxygen-containing chemicals, including acetic acids, furfural, cyclopentanone, and meta-cresol, that were proved to be contained in the bio-oil feedstock, were first selected as model starting materials. In these tests, yields for hydrogen were taken as an index of the catalyst activity and the catalyst that exhibited the maximum activity by hydrogen yields was then used for the bio-oil steam reforming studies. In this work, it was concluded that the catalyst activity reached a maximum hydrogen yield of 90.56% and decreased in an order of Ni/. The yield of hydrogen for steam reforming of the whole fraction of the bio-oil reached 70% under 800 ı C and it only lowered 10%, after 10 hours on stream in a stability test.
H 2 production by steam reforming of fast pyrolyzed bio-oil over Ni/MgO-La 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 catalyst was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor by using model compounds (acetic acid, furfural, cyclopentanone, and m-cresol) and real bio-oil as the starting materials. The carbon deposition mechanism was discussed and a model of carbon deposition was built based on the amount of coke formed under different reaction temperatures, reaction times, steam to carbon molar ratios (S/C), and liquid hourly space velocities. The activation energies in the carbon deposition reaction and in the carbon elimination reaction were calculated as 28 and 71 kJ/mol, respectively, in terms of the carbon deposition model employed.
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