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Detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of sulfonated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) prepared by using a gaseous mixture of SO3 + N2 was carried out. It was shown that the surface contains, apart from sulfonic acid groups, sulfate, keto, and polyene linkages. The evolution of the different surface groups depends upon the conditions of sulfonation.

A novel aromatic diacid, 3, 5‐dicarboxyl‐4′‐amino diphenyl ether, containing pendant phenoxy amine group was synthesized. Homo‐ and co‐polybenzimidazoles containing different content of pendant phenoxyamine groups were synthesized by condensation of 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine with this acid and a mixture of this acid and isophthalic acid in different ratio in polyphosphoric acid. Copolybenzimidazoles with structural variations were also synthesized based on this acid and pyridine dicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid, adipic acid, or sebacic acid. The polymers have good solubility in polar aprotic solvents and strong acids and they form tough flexible films by solution casting. The polymers were characterized by different instrumental techniques (FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD, etc.) and for solvent solubility, mechanical properties, inherent viscosity, and proton conductivity. The inherent viscosities of the polymers vary in the range of 0.62–1.52 dL/g. They have high thermal stability up to 475–506 °C (IDT) in nitrogen, high glass transition temperatures (Tg) ranging from 313 to 435 °C and good tensile strength ranging from 58 to 125 MPa. Proton conductivity of homo polymer is 3.72 × 10−3 S/cm at 25 °C and 2.45 × 10−2 S/cm at 200 °C © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 5776–5793, 2008

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Polyamides containing arylene sulfone ether linkages were synthesized from 4,4′‐[sulfonylbis(p‐phenyleneoxy)] dibenzoyl chloride (SPCI), 3,3′‐[sulfonylbis(p‐phenyleneoxy)] dibenzoyl chloride (SMCl), and arylene sulfone ether diamines (SED), by solution and interfacial polymerization techniques. In solution polymerization, the effect of various acid acceptors such as propylene oxide (PO), lithium chloride (LiCl)/lithium hydroxide (LiOH), and triethylamine (TEA) on molecular weight of the polyamides was studied. The effect of methyl substituted and unsubstituted aromatic sulfone ether diamines on molecular weight and thermal properties of polyamides was also studied. The polyamides prepared were characterized by solution viscosity, elemental analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and x‐ray diffraction. Physical and thermal properties of polyamides prepared from SPCl and SED were compared with the polyamides prepared from SMCl and SED.