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The influence of the regimes of modification of carbon fibers by an argon ion beam on the change in the angle of their wetting by an epoxydiane oligomer has been investigated. It has been shown that ion-beam treatment of carbon fibers leads to a considerable decrease in the wetting angles (the difference between the wetting angles for nonmodified and modified fibers is up to 32.2-38.7 o ). Accordingly, there is also an increase in the value of the equilibrium work of adhesion by 36.2-41.6% in the contact zone. It has been established that ion-beam treatment of carbon fibers by argon ions leads to an increase in the shear strength when microplastics based on them are formed.As was predicted as far back as the last century, carbon fibers (CF) remain the most promising filler of polymer composite material in the current century as well [1,2]. The problem of maximal realization in the compositions of the unique properties of the carbon-fiber filler determined by the interphase interaction of heterogeneous components is as acute [3]. Surface and internal defects have a negative effect on the cohesive strength of fibers with the polymer binder as well as on the strength of the fibers. The numerous experimental data show that under extension of carbon fibers a break occurs almost exclusively at the place of a visually observable defect. Therefore, the problem of increasing the adhesive strength at the interface and its stability under operating conditions remains central and the most important. Modification of the fiber surface is one of the easiest and most promising ways of controlling the interphase interaction of fibers with the polymer matrix. Various modification techniques are known, e.g., oxidation, grafting of functional groups, and their electrochemical or plasmachemical treatment [4][5][6]. The modification efficiency depends on the surface purity of fibers.The CF surface can also be polluted as a result of the technological features obtaining them. The surface defects that most strongly affect the observed strength of fibers, the quality of modification, and their adhesion to the binding material can be removed by chemical etching (in a liquid medium or by oxidation in a gaseous medium), as well as by ion-plasma or ion-beam treatment of CFs. However, the chemical cleaning methods do not always allow one to obtain a surface free of organic solvents, chemical reagents, and films of complex composition not interacting with solvents. Since the composition of pollutions is different and is often not known, sputtering by argon ions is the most effective method for removing the hyperfine surface layers [7].A promising method for directional modification of the surface of polymers and fibrous materials, as noted in [8], is ion implantation, since, as the dose is accumulated, processes radically differing in their nature proceed, and they can be controlled by varying the energy and mass of the ions being implanted. In [9], it was suggested to use the ion-beam method to modify the surface of track diaphragms in order...
The properties of alkali borotitanium-silicate glasses with different content of boron, titanium, and lithium oxides are investigated. It is indicated that glasses with a low content of B 2 O 3 (8 -10%) can be used to produce white glass-enamel coatings that have enhanced corrosion resistance and low leachability of the coating components in acetate solutions.Glass-enamel coatings represent the most common and reliable way to protect steel products, including kitchen utensils, from corrosion. The requirements on the quality of enameled kitchenware are becoming higher, regarding both their exterior appearance and corrosion resistance. The requirements on corrosion resistance of glass-enamel coatings have sharply grown after the adoption of the new Sanitary Regulations on migration of chemical elements from materials contacting food items (SanPiN 13-3 RB 01). The stricter requirements on migration of boron, nickel, and cobalt from a coating to acetate extracts, as well as the introduction of regulations on leaching of aluminum, titanium, and iron make it necessary to produce enamels with higher chemicals resistance.Silicate glasses for protective coatings are multicomponent, which makes it possible to vary their properties within wide ranges; however, the list of materials for the synthesis of white titanium enamels is limited. The compositions of white enamel have been refined over the past decades and a further improvement in their chemical resistance, while preserving other technological parameters, is hard to achieve. On the one hand, it is known [1 -3] that to increase the chemical resistance of glasses it is primarily necessary to increase their content of silicon and titanium oxides and to decrease their content of boron oxides and alkali metals oxides, which strengthens the silicon-oxygen skeleton and the glass structure, but, on the other hand, this has a negative effect on the technological and service properties of coatings.The present paper describes the study of alkaline borotitanium-silicate glasses with a higher content of silicon oxide compared to industrial compositions (GOST 24405-80) and a lower content of B 2 O 3 . Considering the valuable and actually indispensable role of boron oxide in enamel compositions responsible for decreasing viscosity and surface tension of melts, lowering the softening and firing temperature of coating, and facilitating the crystallization of anatase, it becomes obvious that B 2 O 3 cannot be completely eliminated from the composition. At the same time, the target of decreasing boron leachability from coatings motivates the search for compositions with a lower content of B 2 O 3 and methods for stronger fixation of boron in the glass structure. The undesirable phenomena related to the decreased content of boron oxide were compensated by additional introduction of lithium oxide, which has a favorable effect on acid resistance of glasses and decreasing the glass melt viscosity.We investigated the properties of four series of glasses that contain (%; here and elsewhere w...
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