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Figure 3. Standard curves.ADH dose-response curves for four different toad bladders. Non-ADH-dependent Na+ transport was subtracted before plotting each of the data points. At the time of addition of ADH, the serosal to mucosal osmolality gradient was 150 mOsmol/L. These studies were conducted at room temperature over the electrode plus other factors not yet identified. However, for a given toad-bladder electrode preparation the sensitivity of the response to ADH appeared stable. Repeat

Coulostatic‐flash irradiation of semiconductor/liquid‐junction cells with a pulsed laser source has allowed time‐resolved measurements of photopotential transients in the submicrosecond time domain. In 1.0M electrolyte ∼12 nsec rise times were observed with several different normaln‐TiO2 electrodes. The dependences of transient photopotentials on the initial potential, pulsed laser intensity, and nature of electrolyte have been studied, and the measurement limitations defined by experimental and instrumental parameters have been described. Most importantly, the time dependence of photopotential transients has been characterized. Four possible contributions to the transient behavior are discussed: electron‐hole recombination, photoinduced charge transfer at the solution interface (oxidation), subsequent back‐reaction of photoproducts (reduction), and a transient expansion of the space charge layer due to rapid photoinduced charge injection.

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