Research in the United States and Europe has focused on the prejudice of majority groups towards minority groups, the implication somehow being that majority groups were more prejudiced than minority groups. In the former Soviet Union, ethnic environments were more complex; the same ethnic group could be a majority in one region but a minority in others. Using a sample of 1,459 first-and fourth-year university students from eight regions of the former USSR, this study focuses on Russian, Tatar and Ukrainian respondents (n = 821) to test the hypothesis that the status of an ethnic group (majority/minority) or in-group bias explains members' prejudice. According to in-group bias, all ethnic groups are equally prejudiced, minority and majority alike, whereas group status posits that groups in a majority position are more prejudiced. Findings show that group status has greater impact on prejudice than does in-group bias. This applies, however, only to Russians. Interpretations of the findings rest on Soviet history and the rise of nationalism during the breakup of the Soviet Union.
Effective collision strengths are presented for excitation of the ground state of 0 VII to the ls2s 3Se and ls2p 3P0 states for electron temperatures from lo4 to 10' K.The calculations were carried out using the R-matrix code. Results are given for both five-state and eleven-state calculations. For the ls2 'Se-ls2s 3Se transition resonances converging to both the n = 2 and n = 3 levels are important.
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