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The calibration technique ([? ]) to estimate the nite distribution function have been studied in several papers. Calibration seeks for new weights close enough to sampling weights according to some distance function and that, at the same time, match benchmark constraints on available auxiliary information.The non smooth character of the nite population distribution function causes certain complexities that are resolved by dierent authors in dierent ways. One of these is to have consistency at a number of arbitrarily chosen points. This paper deals with the problem of the optimal selection of the number of points and with the optimal selections of these points, when auxiliary information is used by means of calibration.

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Facial recognition errors jeopardize national security, criminal justice, public safety and civil rights. Here, we compare the most accurate humans and facial recognition technology in a detailed lab-based evaluation and international proficiency test for forensic scientists involving 27 forensic departments from 14 countries. We find striking cognitive and perceptual diversity between naturally skilled super-recognizers, trained forensic examiners and deep neural networks, despite them achieving equivalent accuracy. Clear differences emerged in super-recognizers’ and forensic examiners’ perceptual processing, errors, and response patterns: super-recognizers were fast, biased to respond ‘same person’ and misidentified people with extreme confidence, whereas forensic examiners were slow, unbiased and strategically avoided misidentification errors. Further, these human experts and algorithms disagreed on the similarity of faces, pointing to differences in their face representations. Our findings reveal there are multiple types of facial recognition expertise, some of which are better suited to particular real-world facial recognition roles than others.

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Auxiliary information, Sampling, Finite distribution function,

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