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Utilization of herbal products (HPs) is a common practice in the traditional medicine of people from southeastern Serbia. In this study, we focused on the usage of HPs as a self-medication practice among patients diagnosed with a mental illness, by aiming to ascertain the usage prevalence, the identity of the main plant taxa utilized, their formulations and target symptoms. This was accomplished through a cross-sectional study of psychiatric outpatients, conducted in the Clinic for Mental Health Protection in Niš, and which included a questionnaire on HP utilization and a non-structured psychiatric interview. Typically, single, middle-aged males, with a secondary education degree, utilized and/or in a form of an infusion (tea) for relieving anxiety and psychotic symptoms. In some cases, adverse effects were noted when HPs were used in combination with prescribed psychotropic medications. Our and previous results urge a thorough evaluation of possible benefits and/or harmful interactions of HP with standard medication in the treatment of psychiatric patients.
The precondition of communication with schizophrenics is knowing and understanding of their fragmented and chaotic world. Communication with the schizophrenics should respect their fear of fusion and disintegration, as well as the fear of abandoning. In communication with the schizophrenic two facts are important: the real support is accepting the bizarre existence of the patient, and the other side of the support is the capacity of the psychiatrist to understand and withstand the patient. This capacity is determined through the consistency of therapist's behavior, possibility to accept the patient's right on regression, but also the ability to offer the constancy of himself, too. The therapist is the representative of the reality whose consequence and constant presence enables him to grow up from the internal mixture of the mental presentations into an authentic, independent person, dedicated to the patient. The therapist is expected to tolerate the patient's alienation due to the fears from fusion or disintegration. A constant activity of reestablishing of contact and respect of a specific cognitive style are needed. Communication with the schizophrenics implies an explicit calling to a verbal communication that has to be understandable, and searching for the conceptual framework, which provides understanding. Basic characteristics of the adequate communication are persistence, consequence and simplicity of instructions with the norm of behavior control, as well as the clarity of the “here-and-now” situation. The therapist's understanding of the schizophrenics justifies his actions and allows taking the psychotherapeutic attitude.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Somatoform and panic disorders are associated with atypical chest pain. Pain expression is mild, accompained with panic. Predictive factors for atypical chest pain are: age under 40, anxiety level >20, somatization > or =63, presence of panic and somatoform disorders, H-R score >102, and a lack of positive diagnostic test of coronary disease. Defining of these parameters could be useful for early psychiatric evaluation of persons with atypical chest pain.
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