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The side-chain alkylation of toluene with methanol was studied on Cs-exchanged NaY zeolites containing up to 31% Cs (exchange degree, ED, up to 70%). Formation of styrene and ethylbenzene was significant only on Na(Cs)Y zeolites of ED higher than about 40%. Bimolecular side-chain alkylation reaction would require a proper surface geometric configuration of O d) -Cs + pairs that is achieved only on Cs-rich zeolites. In contrast, the side reaction forming carbon monoxide from methanol increases monotonically with increasing ED because it is essentially controlled by the basicity of the oxygen lattice.

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