Objectives: Travellers may be colonized with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria on return, but little is known about colonization during travel. Our objectives were to assess the acquisition and colonization dynamics during the stay abroad for a broad range of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and resistance phenotypes and to identify risk factors for faecal carriage of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Methods: German and Dutch participants (n ¼ 132) of this prospective cohort study (2016e2018) completed a questionnaire on risk factors and provided daily stool samples before, during, and after travel. Samples were screened for extended-spectrum b-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenem-resistant (CarbR-GN), and non-intrinsically colistin-resistant Gram-negative rods (ColR-GN), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium/faecalis (VRE), and Clostridioides difficile. Results: Colonization rates reached a plateau within a week after departure fluctuating around 48.5% (63/ 130) and 58.4% (45/77, ESBL-E), 10.4% (11/106) and 23.4% (18/77, ColR-GN), or 3.0% (4/132) and 6.8% (8/ 118, CarbR-GN). Colonization rates after the travel were 46.2% (61/132, ESBL-E), 9.0% (12/132, ColR-GN), and 3.4% (5/132, CarbR-GN). Travellers carried mcr-1-(15/132; 11.4%) or bla NDM -positive (4/132; 3.0%) Enterobacterales. A vegetarian diet was associated with a lower risk for the acquisition of ESBL-E (OR ¼ 0.4, p 0.04) and ColR-GN (OR ¼ 0.1, p 0.01) during travel in a multivariable model. Similarly, travellers visiting friends and relatives had a lower risk for the acquisition of ESBL-E (OR ¼ 0.3, p 0.009) and CarbR-GN (OR ¼ 0.3, p 0.01). VRE and C. difficile were not detected. Conclusion:The number of travellers with a temporary colonization during the journey exceeded the number of travellers still colonized after return.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.