SYCP3 (Sinaptonemal complex protein 3) plays a critical role in pairing and recombination of homologous chromosomes in meiosis 1. It has been shown that lack of this gene leads to infertility in male and weakened fertility in female mice. In a case-control study, we investigated the SYCP3T657C polymorphism in the genome of 100 Iranian women with recurrent pregnancy losses of unknown causes as well as 100 control samples of normal fertile women having at least one healthy child. The general aim of our study was to determine whether there is a relationship between genetic changes in the SYCP3 gene and recurrent pregnancy loss in human or not. Frequency of the heterozygous genotype and mutated allele C were significantly higher in women with recurrent pregnancy losses (P-value<0.005). Our findings suggest that the T657C polymorphism of the SYCP3 gene is possibly associated with recurrent pregnancy loss of unknown cause in human.
Background:Methamphetamine (MA) was shown to have harmful effects on male reproductive system. Objective:To investigate probable effects of daily administration of MA on sperm parameters and chromatin/DNA integrity in mouse.Material and Methods:Thirty-five NMRI male mice were divided into five groups including low, medium, and high dosage groups which were injected intraperitoneally with 4, 8 and 15 mg/kg/day for 35 days, respectively. Normal saline was injected in sham group and no medications were used in control group. Then, the mice were killed and caudal epididymis of each animal was cut and placed in Ham’s F10 medium for sperm retrieval. To evaluate sperm chromatin abnormalities, the aniline blue, toluidine blue and chromomycine A3 were used. For sperm DNA integrity and apoptosis, the acridine orange, sperm chromatin dispersion, and TUNEL assay were applied. For sperm morphology, Papanicolaou staining was done Results:Normal morphology and progressive motility of spermatozoa decreased in medium and high dosage groups in comparison with the control group (p=0.035). There was a significant increase in rate of aniline blue, toluidine blue, and chromomycine A3 positive spermatozoa in high dosage group. In a similar manner, there was an increase in rates of acridine orange, TUNEL and sperm chromatin dispersion positive sperm cells in high dosage group with respect to others.Conclusion:MA abuse in a dose-dependent manner could have detrimental effects on male reproductive indices including sperm parameters and sperm chromatin/DNA integrity in mice.
Purpose This is a case-control study to determine whether G1733A polymorphism of androgen receptor gene is associated with an increased risk for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Method A total of 85 women with at least two recurrent spontaneous abortion before 20th week of gestation composed the study group. Subjects were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results The observed frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes of the G1733A polymorphism were 5.89 %, 82.35 % and 11.76 %, respectively, for the patient group and 71.76 %, 23.51 % and 4.71 %, respectively, for the control group. Allele frequencies of the G1733A polymorphism among patients and controls were 0.47 and 0.84, respectively, for the dominant allele (G) (wild type) and 0.53 and 0.16, respectively, for the A allele (mutant type). Conclusions These results indicated that the androgen receptor G1733A polymorphism is strongly associated with increased risk for RSA.Keywords Recurrent spontaneous abortion . Androgen receptor . Polymorphism . RFLP PCR Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a reproductive problem that occurs in women in reproductive age with a frequency of 1 %-3 % [20]. It is defined as two or more repeated pregnancy losses before the 20th week of gestation [14]. The risk of miscarriage is enhanced by a variety of factors including chromosomal abnormalities, uterine abnormalities, hereditary thrombophilia, endocrinologic disorders,-immunologic factors, infections, and nutritional and environmental factors [18,19]. In women with a history of recurrent miscarriage, the risk of miscarriage in a subsequent pregnancy is about 40 % to 50 %. It has a major influence on the wellbeing and psychological status of patients, therefore improved diagnosis and development of treatment strategies is essential [6,16,23]. In the past years, research interest has been focused on the association studies between different genetic polymorphisms and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Androgens are lipophilic hormones with several physiological effects in both sexes [17]. Androgen signaling in female is very important for the differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells into decidual cell; a process is called decidualization that critically controls embryo implantation and placentation [11]. The effect of androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone mediated by androgen receptor (AR) that is a nuclear receptor [3]. Androgen receptor is widely expressed in female reproductive tissue such as endometrium [1] and binds to a steroid ligand and then is transferred into the nucleus, where it regulates the transcription of androgen-responsive genes [5]. The AR gene is located on the X chromosome between q11 and q12 loci and is composed of eight exons [2] that encode a 110-kd protein that contains an N-terminal transactivation domain, Capsule Our results indicated that the androgen receptor G1733A polymorphism is strongly associated with increased risk for RSA.T. Jahaninejad (*) :
Background:To meet the future challenges in the field of reproductive medicine in Iran, better understanding of published studies is needed. Bibliometric methods and social network analysis have been used to measure the scope and illustrate scientific output of researchers in this field. Objective:This study provides insight into the structure of the network of Iranian papers published in the field of reproductive medicine through 2010-2014.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, all relevant scientific publications were retrieved from Scopus database and were analyzed according to document type, journal of publication, hot topics, authors and institutions. The results were mapped and clustered by VosViewer software.Results:In total, 3141 papers from Iranian researchers were identified in Scopus database between 2010-2014. The numbers of publications per year have been increased from 461 in 2010 to 749 in 2014. Tehran University of Medical Sciences and "Soleimani M" are occupied the top position based on Productivity indicator. Likewise "Soleimani M" was obtained the first rank among authors according to degree centrality, betweenness centrality and collaboration criteria. In addition, among institutions, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR) was leader based on degree centrality, betweenness centrality and collaboration indicators.Conclusion:Publications of Iranian researchers in the field of reproductive medicine showed steadily growth during 2010-2014. It seems that in addition to quantity, Iranian authors have to promote quality of articles and collaboration. It will help them to advance their efforts.
Background:Teratoasthenozoospermia (TA) is a severe form of male infertility with no clear etiology.Objective:To compare the level of intracellular anion superoxide (O2–), heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) and protamine deficiencies in ejaculated spermatozoa between teratoasthenozoospermic and normozoospermic men.Materials and Methods:In this case- control study, semen samples of 20 infertile men, with TA (with normal morphology lower than 4%_ and total motility lower than 40% ) as the case group and 20 normozoospermic fertile men as the control group were evaluated for intracellular O2– and HSPA2 by flow cytometry and protamine deficiency by Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) test.Results:The rate of CMA3+ spermatozoa in the case group was higher than controls (p=0.001). The percentages of HSPA2+ spermatozoa in the cases were significantly lower than controls (p=0.001). Also, intracellular O2– levels in the case group were significantly higher than controls (p=0.001) and had positive correlations with sperm apoptosis (r=0.79, p=0.01) and CMA3 positive sperm (r=0.76, p=0.01), but negative correlations with normal morphology (r=-0.81, p=0.01) and motility (r=-0.81, p=0.01). There was no significant correlation between intracellular O2– and HSPA2 in the case group (r=0.041, p=0.79).Conclusion:We suggest that the increase in intracellular O2–, decrease in spermatozoa HSPA2+, and high percentages of spermatozoa with immature chromatin might be considered as etiologies of infertility in TA patients.
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