Intestinal absorption of digoxin was assessed by determination of peak plasma concentrations, areas under plasma concentration curves over 80 h, and 10 day urinary excretion. Absorption was equal after ingestion of single doses of standard Lanoxin (Wellcome) tablets, tablets and capsules of ultra‐rapid dissolution rate material, or an oral solution of digoxin in water.
Mean plasma concentrations and dosage‐interval urinary excretion were highly similar during 14 day courses of either Lanoxin or ultra‐rapid dissolution tablets. Increased bioavailability does not result from encapsulation of solid dosage presentations, nor from increasing tablet dissolution rate beyond 75% in 15 minutes.
Fourteen day courses of tablets of slow dissolution rate produced lower and less consistent mean plasma concentrations and urinary excretion. Slow dissolution rates are associated with greater individual variability in absorption.
Summary. This study was designed to determine whether immunohistochemical stains for tumour‐associated markers may be useful in the detection and differential diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. The expression of four markers detected by monoclonal antibodies, human milk fat globule 1 and 2 (HMFG‐1 and 2), Cal and anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen (anti‐CEA) on conventional histological sections of various cervical lesions has been investigated. None of these markers was specific for neoplastic lesions of the cervix and all four markers were expressed by metaplastic as well as neoplastic cells, and it was concluded that their application in the histopathological examination of the cervix is limited.
A simple and rapid method for measuring neuroleptic drugs in plasma by the estimation of dopamine receptor blocking activity is described. The assay has the advantages that it can be used without modification for all neuroleptic drugs and measures both parent compound as well as pharmacologically active metabolites. Intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation are 20% and 30% respectively and sensitivity is adequate to measure drug activity in plasma from patients treated with oral neuroleptics but not for those receiving depot injections. Preliminary clinical investigations indicate that the ranges of dopamine receptor blocking activity in plasma vary for different drugs. Interference in the assay has been seen with some samples from patients receiving amitriptyline and nortriptyline, but not with other psychotropic drugs. The receptor assay is considered suitable for routine monitoring of neuroleptic drug therapy.
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