In patients with NMIBC, FC-assisted TUR with 5-ALA results in a substantial recurrence and progression risk reduction as compared to WL-TUR. The single early postoperative instillation of doxorubicin did not have a statistically significant impact on recurrence and progression risks.
Among four DNA repair gene polymorphisms, the OGG1 326 Ser/Cys and XPD 312 Asp/Asn heterozygous genotypes might be recognized as potential genetic markers modifying susceptibility to bladder cancer in Belarus.
Genome instability and impaired DNA repair are hallmarks of carcinogenesis. The study was aimed at evaluating the DNA damage response in H2O2-treated lymphocytes using the alkaline comet assay in bladder cancer (BC) patients as compared to clinically healthy controls, elderly persons, and individuals with chronic inflammations. Polymorphism in DNA repair genes involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) was studied using the PCR-RFLP method in the Belarusian population to elucidate the possible association of their variations with both bladder cancer risk and clinicopathological features of tumors. The increased level of H2O2-induced DNA damage and a higher proportion of individuals sensitive to oxidative stress were found among BC patients as compared to other groups under study. Heterozygosity in the XPD gene (codon 751) increased cancer risk: OR (95% CI) = 1.36 (1.03–1.81), p = 0.031. The frequency of the XPD 312Asn allele was significantly higher in T ≥ 2 high grade than in T ≥ 2 low grade tumors (p = 0.036); the ERCC6 1097Val/Val genotype was strongly associated with muscle-invasive tumors. Combinations of homozygous wild type alleles occurred with the increased frequency in patients with non-muscle-invasive tumors suggesting that the maintenance of normal DNA repair activity may prevent cancer progression.
Background
Real‐world data describing outcomes of treatment among metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients are limited and heterogeneous.
Aim
RENSUR3 registry study assessed real‐world data on the use of therapies in mRCC and overall survival (OS) in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus.
Methods
Patients were included in the retrospective multicenter registry study. To be eligible, patients were required to have mRCC diagnosed from January 2015 to January 2016. Anonymized data were collected through an online registry. The outcomes of interest were patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and OS.
Results
1094 mRCC patients were identified. Mean age was 62.3 (SD, 11.2) years. Four hundred and forty‐four (41%) patients were 65 years and older. Primary tumor has not been removed in 503 (46%) patients. Subtype of RCC based on WHO classification (clear‐cell or other) has been reported in 402 (37%) patients. In total, 595 (54.4%) patients received systemic therapy for metastatic disease. 58% of elderly patients (≥65) were not treated compared to 37% of younger patients. Cytokines and targeted therapy were used in 298 (50.1%) and 297 (49.9%) of 595 treated patients, respectively. Median OS was 11.9 months (95% CI 10.9‐12.9). The 1‐ and 3‐year OS rates were 49.6% and 19.3%.
Conclusions
Half of patients received no systemic therapy or had only cytokines for mRCC in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus, which doubtless negatively affected OS in this population. Novel therapies should be considered as life prolonging and a priority.
Objective: to comparе the safety and efficacy of the new method of en-bloc transurethral resection (TUR) and conventional TUR in management of primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and investigate long-term effects on tumour recurrence and progression.Materials and methods. A total of 914 patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer were treated using TUR of bladder at the Minsk City Clinical Oncologic Dispensary in 2005 to 2016. For final analysis the data was underwent many-stage random sampling. Randomization was stratified according to sex and age, category T, tumour grade, EORTC risk groups. In total, 273 patients were selected: 136 in the new method of en-bloc TUR group (a study group) and 137 in the conventional TUR group (a control group). The new method of en-bloc TUR is based on using impulses of high-frequency current applied to the active electrode of the resectoscope. The impulse sequence and individual impulse duration within the interval from 0.1 to 1 second are controlled in the course of the operation. Five-year follow-up data of operative management were analyzed.Results. In event of the new method of en-bloc TUR there were no perioperative complications and no cases of conversion to conventional TUR. Postoperative complications were less frequently observed in the new method group compared with conventional TUR group. There were significant differences with major priority to the new method of en-bloc TUR in median time to recurrence (р = 0.032) and progression (р = 0.001), 5-year survival to recurrence (р = 0.0001) and progression (р = 0.001), 5-year cancer-specific survival (р = 0.033) and overall survival (р = 0.045) of patients.Conclusion. The new method of en-bloc TUR of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer was more effective than conventional TUR in reducing rates of intraand postoperative complications, and at the same time was applicable in all clinical cases, regardless of the tumor location in the bladder lumen, its size, vascularization, and growth pattern. The new method of en-bloc TUR also significantly improved the long-term cancer treatment results in patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
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