A resolution-reconfigurable, bandwidth-scalable analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) with programmable-gain (PG) functionality for a multi-sensor system, which encompasses various signals such as biosignals and battery-level, is presented. In PG and low-power mode, a PG first-order noise-shaping (NS) successive-approximation register (SAR) ADC achieves 8.4-to-10.2-bit operating up to 16 kHz while providing a gain of 1/2/4. The PG NS SAR ADC can be reconfigured as an adder and a quantiser in a delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulator enhancing the order of the modulator for high-resolution. The thirdorder ΔΣ modulator achieves 16.1 bits in a bandwidth of 1 kHz. The work is implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with a 1.8 V power supply.
A duobinary transmitter (TX) is presented in a single-ended topology using voltage-mode drivers to support dynamic random access memory (DRAM) interface. A four-phase parallel duobinary precoder is included. It relaxes one of the critical timing requirements of the duobinary TX by reducing the feedback step of the precoder and performing its feedback at once. Fabricated in a 55 nm CMOS process, the TX occupies 0.053 mm 2 active area. The TX achieves 10 Gbps operation at 6.8 pJ/b of energy efficiency and operates up to 12.8 Gbps at 7.6 pJ/b.
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