One of the management tools for sediment and erosion control in the different scales from plot to watershed is informing about soil displacement process that can be obtained using fallout radionuclide spectroscopy. In recent decades, use of the radionuclides for determining sedimentation rate was common, among which Cesium ( 137 Cs) is the most often used. In this research, three, 4-meter long sediment cores were collected from the western part of the Anzali Lagoon. The Anzali Lagoon is one of the sediment treated ecosystems in the north of Iran. The level of 137 Cs of the sediment samples was measured based on Spectrometry analysis in the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran. The grain size distribution showed that the sediment samples were mainly fine textured (Silt with low plasticity properties). The results represented that the highest amount of the 137 Cs was observed in the depth of 2.4-2.7 m, which can be related to the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. An overall sedimentation rate of 8.5 cm yr -1 (=119 kg m -2 yr -1 ) was obtained based on the 137 Cs calendar of the sediment cores. This sedimentation rate is considerable, and a special arrangement is necessary to save the Lagoon.
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