The spatial distribution of heavy metals (Fe and Mn) in the paper mill contaminated area of Jagiroad, Assam, India were investigated using statistics, geostatistics and GIS techniques. The total concentration of Fe and Mn were determined for 188 samples collected from the contaminated area. The mean concentration of Fe (7629 mg kg1) was high. The highest and the lowest standard deviation were observed in the Fe (1749) and pH (0.81), respectively. Analysis of the isotropic variogram indicated that the Fe semivariogram was well described with the Gaussian model, with the distance of spatial dependence being 1354 m, while Mn was well described with the spherical model, with the distance of spatial dependence being 833 m. The ordinary kriging estimates of Fe and Mn maps showed that high concentrations of these metals occured in the low-lying areas like bils (lakes). For both the investigated heavy metals the prediction of goodness (G) value was greater than zero. This indicates that spatial prediction is better than assuming mean of observed value as the property value for any unsampled location. Thus the geostatistical method was spatial variability of Fe and Mn.
The study aims to get insight about the depth wise distribution of fractions of cationic micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) and their availability across various landscape positions in an elevational gradient of Meghalaya.Soils were collected from four different soil depth viz. 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm representing major landscape positions, i.e., plateau top, side slope, foot slope and valley in a catenary sequence in the Umsning block of Ri-bhoi district, Meghalaya.Cationic micronutrients and their fractions varied with soil depth and landscape positions in the study area. DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content was higher in surface layer as compared to the sub surface and found in higher amount in valley as compared to the other landscape positions. Zinc is the most limiting cationic micronutrient found in the study area, whereas poor availability of Mn was also observed in few sub-surface samples. Residual fraction was the largest fraction of cationic micronutrients in soil and varied from 58.4 to 71.0, 33.8 to 64.9, 66.0 to 84.1 and 30.1 to 65.6% of total Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, respectively in the study area. Soluble and exchangeable fraction is the most labile pool of cationic micronutrients in the study area though its content was less. Organically complexed fraction contributed in large to the availability of Fe, Zn and Cu. Whereas, amorphous and crystalline Fe oxide occluded fractions of Zn and Cu and crystalline oxide occluded fractions of Mn were also found to contribute the availability of respective cationic micronutrients as an indirect source.Landscape position influences the distribution and availability of cationic micronutrients and their fractions in undulating terrain of Meghalaya through the distribution of clay, organic carbon and water content in soil profile. Moreover, present land use further modifies the availability of cationic micronutrients in the study area.Catenary sequence, Depth-wise distribution, Meghalaya, Micronutrient fraction. Vertical distribution of cationic micronutrients across landscape positions on Meghalayan plateau in the North-Eastern Region of India
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.