This Commentary focuses on genetic polymorphisms in membrane transporters. We present two polymorphisms for which there is a compelling body of literature supporting their clinical relevance: OATP1B1 (c.521T>C, p.V174A, rs4149056) and BCRP (c.421C>A, p.Q141K, rs2231142). The clinical evidence demonstrating their role in variation in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is described along with their allele frequencies in ethnic populations. Recommendations for incorporating studies of transporter polymorphisms in drug development are provided, along with the regulatory implications.

1991electric properties, superconductors, semiconductors electric properties, superconductors, semiconductors D 8000 -008Doping Effect of Fluorine Atom on the Superconductivity of YBa2Cu3O7-xFy.-The fluorination of the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x is found to result in a decrease of the superconducting transition temp. Tc and in a decrease of the lattice parameters. XRD and Raman spectroscopic results obtained for YBa2Cu3O7-xFy with 0.25 ≤ x ≤ 0.55 and 0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3 indicate that the fluorine atoms replace oxygen atoms in pyramidal Cu-O units rather than in Cu-O chains. -(KIM, K. H.; CHO, S. K.; KIM, Y. Y.; PARK, J. S.; CHOI, M.-Y.; Bull. Korean Chem.

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037ChemInform Abstract A number of samples of the 2223 superconducting title phase in which Mo has been substituted for Bi (x = 0.03-0.30) is prepared from mixtures of Bi2O3, MoO3, SrCO3, CaCO3, and CuO powders (1. 750 rc C, air, 12 h; 2. 840 rc C, air, 3 d). All samples show a pseudo-tetragonal structure, and exhibit superconductivity with Tc offset at 79 K and Tc onset between 90 and 115 K. The onset point decreases with increasing x. This behavior is attributed to the decrease in lattice parameters with increasing Mo content and to the p orbital of Mo.

High‐Tc superconducting materials of composition YBa2Cu3OxFy with x ≦ 6.89 and 0.25 ≦ y ≦ 0.35 are prepared (Y2O3, BaCO3, CuO, CuF2, 730‐900 °C) and characterized by XRD, magnetic susceptibility and resistivity measurements.