The lignan-rich petroleum ether extract and the isolated lignans, simplexolin and sesamolin, of Justicia simplex D. Don (Acanthaceae) were tested for protective effect on CCl 4 -induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The induced CCl 4 toxicity elevated the levels of marker enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and stimulated lipid peroxidation along with decrease in triglycerides and glutathione content. The pretreatment with the extract and the isolated lignans at the dose of 100 mg=kg p.o. and 10 mg=kg p.o., respectively, normalized these toxic levels. The effect of the isolated lignans was comparable with the standard (Nirocil). This showed the hepatoprotective effect of petroleum other extract and lignans of J. simplex.
World wide liver toxicity is the most prevelent healthcare problem. We need to address this with herbal based medicine because herbal products have high efficacy and less side effects. Many of the Ehretia genus (Boraginaceae) have the hepatoprotective property. But Ehretia microphylla (EM) was not reported yet for its hepaptoprotective potential. Therefore the current research was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective action of EM. The hepatoprotective activity of EM was assessed against the paracetamol induced liver toxic rats. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of EM were selected for the investigation. The dose was selected by using OECD423 guidelines. The paracetamol intoxicated rats were elevated the liver functional parameters like serum SGOT, SGPT and ALP levels and also triglyceride and total cholesterol. These elevated parameters were significantly lowered in chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of EM pretreated rats when compared with silymarin. However the antioxidant markers including CAT, SOD, GSH and GPx were significantly increased in EM extract treated rats when compared with paracetamol induced toxic rats. It revealed the plant extracts of EM has significant hepatoprotective activity. Further, this research will useful for the isolation of active principles from EM and determining its molecular mechanisms.
Aim: This study evaluates the effect of in vivo wound healing potential of Ursolic acid rich chloroform extract of Hedyotis herbacea Linn ointment using incision and excision wound model.
Study Design: Wound healing potentials of Hedyotis herbacea were analysed by Incision and excision wound model.
Place of Study: Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode, Tamilnadu.
Methodology: Hedyotis herbacea was subjected to extraction (cold maceration), with solvents of increasing polarity. All the extracts were estimated for the presence of phytoconstituents by HPTLC. As the study has been focused on the phytoconstituent based biological activity, the Ursolic acid rich chloroform extract was chosen for the study of wound healing activity. The Chloroform extract of Hedyotis herbacea was incorporated into ointment base, to prepare the ointment. The ointments prepared with Chloroform extract (2.5% and 5%) of Hedyotis herbacea (CEHH) were subjected for evaluation of excision and incision wound model. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups each consisting of six animals; group I (left untreated) considered as untreated control, group II treated with 5% w/w povidone-iodine ointment served as standard, group III treated with CEHH 2.5% w/w ointment, and group IV treated with CEHH 5% w/w ointment were considered as test groups. All the treatments were given once daily. Wound healing effect was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, level of total protein, Hydroxy proline, Hexosamine and Hexuronic acid and histopathology studies in an excision wound model. Tensile strength was also measured in both excision and incision wound.
Results: Wound healing activity of CEHH 5% w/w ointment treated group was greater than CEHH 2.5% w/w and untreated groups in both excision and incision wound model. The high rate of wound contraction (*P< 0.001), high tensile strength (*P< 0.001), and elevated total protein, Hydroxyproline, Hexosamine, and Hexuronic acid content were observed in animals treated with CEHH ointments when compared to the untreated control group of animals. Histopathological studies of the CEHH ointments treated groups also revealed the effectiveness in wound healing.
Conclusion: These results justified the claimed traditional use of the Hedyotis herbacea as wound healing plant.
The phytochemical study was carried out on the Hedyotis herbacea plant, which belongs to the Rubiacea family and is traditionally claimed to have wound healing activity. The plant was extracted using cold maceration techniques with rising polarity solvents such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol. The secondary metabolite present in the extract was found through preliminary phytochemical screening. Exracts were further subjected for isolation. Betulinic acid was isolated from the chloroform exract. Isolated Betulinic acid was weighed at 0.50 mg, and its presence was verified using TLC in a solvent solution of toluene, ethyl acetate, and glacial acetic acid (8.5:1.5: 0.02 v/v/v). Betulinic acid was further characterised by IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The ability of Hedyotis herbacea to repair wounds can be further investigated by using betulinic acid.
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