Power loss and voltage instability are major problems in distribution systems. However, these problems are typically mitigated by efficient network reconfiguration, including the integration of distributed generation (DG) units in the distribution network. In this regard, the optimal placement and sizing of DGs are crucial. Otherwise, the network performance will be degraded. This study is conducted to optimally locate and sizing of DGs into a radial distribution network before and after reconfiguration. A multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to determine the optimal placement and sizing of the DGs before and after reconfiguration of the radial network. An optimal network configuration with DG coordination in an active distribution network overcomes power losses, uplifts voltage profiles, and improves the system stability, reliability, and efficiency. For considering the actual power system scenarios, a penalty factor is also considered, this penalty factor plays a crucial role in the minimization of total power loss and voltage profile enhancement. The simulation results showed a significant improvement in the percentage power loss reduction (32% and 68.05% before and after reconfiguration, respectively) with the inclusion of DG units in the test system. Similarly, the minimum bus voltage of the system is improved by 4.9% and 6.53% before and after reconfiguration, respectively. The comparative study is performed, and the results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing the voltage deviation and power loss of the distribution system. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on the IEEE-33 bus radial distribution system, using MATLAB software.
Renewable energy is being increasingly integrated into distribution systems worldwide in response to technological, economic, and environmental challenges. The assessment of hosting capacity allows us to determine the maximum installation capacity of distributed energy resources (DERs) in a distribution system within its operational limits to obtain more benefits. In this study, a new multistage algorithm is developed based on an analytical approach and optimal power flow (OPF) for the assessment of DERs' hosting capacity (DERHC) with single and multiple multi-type DERs. In the first stage, the optimal locations of DERs are determined analytically, and the second stage involves the calculation of optimal DERs sizes for the assessment of the maximum locational and total DERHC. This method provides mathematical and global optimum certainty considering the constraints to maintain the reliability and protection of the system. Moreover, the proposed method is tested using a standard IEEE 33-bus distribution system, and different scenarios are created based on the number and type of DERs to achieve the best-case results of DERHC. The obtained results are compared with those of the conventional OPF iterative method that are encouraging and validate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed methodology.INDEX TERMS Analytical optimal power flow method, hosting capacity assessment, multi-type distributed generation, optimal power flow.
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